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Recently, the rapid advancements of vision-language models, such as CLIP, leads to significant progress in zero-/few-shot anomaly detection (ZFSAD) tasks. However, most existing CLIP-based ZFSAD methods commonly assume prior knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Hong Huang , Weixiang Sun , Zhijian Wu , Jingwen Niu , Donghuan Lu , Xian Wu , Yefeng Zheng

For downstream applications of vision-language pre-trained models, there has been significant interest in constructing effective prompts. Existing works on prompt engineering, which either require laborious manual designs or optimize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xinyang Liu , Dongsheng Wang , Bowei Fang , Miaoge Li , Zhibin Duan , Yishi Xu , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) are highly adaptable to various downstream tasks through few-shot learning, making prompt-based anomaly detection a promising approach. Traditional methods depend on human-crafted prompts that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Pi-Wei Chen , Jerry Chun-Wei Lin , Jia Ji , Feng-Hao Yeh , Zih-Ching Chen , Chao-Chun Chen

Few-shot multi-class anomaly detection is crucial in real industrial settings, where only a few normal samples are available while numerous object types must be inspected. This setting is challenging as defect patterns vary widely across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yujin Lee , Sewon Kim , Daeun Moon , Seoyoon Jang , Hyunsoo Yoon

Recently, large pre-trained vision-language models have shown remarkable performance in zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD). With fine-tuning on a single auxiliary dataset, the model enables cross-category anomaly detection on diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qiyu Chen , Zhen Qu , Wei Luo , Haiming Yao , Yunkang Cao , Yuxin Jiang , Yinan Duan , Huiyuan Luo , Chengkan Lv , Zhengtao Zhang

Automatic image anomaly detection is important for quality inspection in the manufacturing industry. The usual unsupervised anomaly detection approach is to train a model for each object class using a dataset of normal samples. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yuanwei Li , Elizaveta Ivanova , Martins Bruveris

Street scene datasets, collected from Street View or dashboard cameras, offer a promising means of detecting urban objects and incidents like street flooding. However, a major challenge in using these datasets is their lack of reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Matt Franchi , Nikhil Garg , Wendy Ju , Emma Pierson

Anomaly segmentation is essential for industrial quality, maintenance, and stability. Existing text-guided zero-shot anomaly segmentation models are effective but rely on fixed prompts, limiting adaptability in diverse industrial scenarios.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 SoYoung Park , Hyewon Lee , Mingyu Choi , Seunghoon Han , Jong-Ryul Lee , Sungsu Lim , Tae-Ho Kim

Prompt learning has emerged as an effective technique for fine-tuning large-scale foundation models for downstream tasks. However, conventional prompt learning methods are prone to overfitting and can struggle with out-of-distribution…

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) enables anomaly detection without normal samples from target categories, addressing scenarios where task-specific training data is unavailable. However, existing ZSAD methods either neglect adaptation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kiyoon Jeong , Jaehyuk Heo , Junyeong Son , Pilsung Kang

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) has received increasing attention in recent years especially in areas of fine-grained object recognition, retrieval, and image captioning. The key to ZSL is to transfer knowledge from the seen to the unseen classes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Zhizhe Liu , Xingxing Zhang , Zhenfeng Zhu , Shuai Zheng , Yao Zhao , Jian Cheng

As a novel and effective fine-tuning paradigm based on large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), prompt-tuning aims to reduce the gap between downstream tasks and pre-training objectives. While prompt-tuning has yielded continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jiangmeng Li , Fei Song , Yifan Jin , Wenwen Qiang , Changwen Zheng , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong

Anomaly Detection involves identifying deviations from normal data distributions and is critical in fields such as medical diagnostics and industrial defect detection. Traditional AD methods typically require the availability of normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Alireza Salehi , Mohammadreza Salehi , Reshad Hosseini , Cees G. M. Snoek , Makoto Yamada , Mohammad Sabokrou

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) are markedly proficient in deriving visual representations guided by natural language. Recent explorations have utilized LVLMs to tackle zero-shot visual anomaly detection (VAD) challenges by pairing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiaqi Zhu , Shaofeng Cai , Fang Deng , Beng Chin Ooi , Junran Wu

Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) aims to detect anomalies in unseen domains without target-domain adaptation. Recent CLIP-based methods have shown promising performance by leveraging prompt learning and visual-text alignment. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xinyu Zhao , Qingyun Sun , Jiayi Luo , Jianxin Li

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) often leverages pretrained vision or vision-language models, but many existing methods use prompt learning or complex modeling to fit the data distribution, resulting in high training or inference cost and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chaoran Xu , Chengkan Lv , Qiyu Chen , Feng Zhang , Zhengtao Zhang

Recently, zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for industrial inspection and medical diagnostics, detecting defects in novel objects without requiring any target-dataset samples during training. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jingyi Yuan , Chenqiang Gao , Pengyu Jie , Xuan Xia , Shangri Huang , Wanquan Liu

Recent work has demonstrated that pre-trained language models (PLMs) are zero-shot learners. However, most existing zero-shot methods involve heavy human engineering or complicated self-training pipelines, hindering their application to new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Yu Fei , Ping Nie , Zhao Meng , Roger Wattenhofer , Mrinmaya Sachan

The task of medical image recognition is notably complicated by the presence of varied and multiple pathological indications, presenting a unique challenge in multi-label classification with unseen labels. This complexity underlines the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yaoqin Ye , Junjie Zhang , Hongwei Shi

Zero- and few-shot visual anomaly segmentation relies on powerful vision-language models that detect unseen anomalies using manually designed textual prompts. However, visual representations are inherently independent of language. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Bin-Bin Gao