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Evaluation benchmarks are the cornerstone of measuring capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as well as driving progress in said capabilities. Originally designed to make claims about capabilities (or lack thereof) in fully…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), building upon the foundation of powerful large language models (LLMs), have recently demonstrated exceptional capabilities in generating not only texts but also images given interleaved multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Bohao Li , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge , Guangzhi Wang , Rui Wang , Ruimao Zhang , Ying Shan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance as knowledge repositories, enabling models to understand user queries and generate accurate and context-aware responses. Extensive evaluation setups have corroborated the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Prasoon Bajpai , Sarah Masud , Tanmoy Chakraborty

With the increasing use of large language models (LLMs), ensuring reliable performance in diverse, real-world environments is essential. Despite their remarkable achievements, LLMs often struggle with adversarial inputs, significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) store an extensive amount of factual knowledge obtained from vast collections of text. To effectively utilize these models for downstream tasks, it is crucial to have reliable methods for measuring their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Pouya Pezeshkpour

Large language models (LLMs) often present answers with high apparent confidence despite lacking an explicit mechanism for reasoning about certainty or truth. While existing benchmarks primarily evaluate single-turn accuracy, truthfulness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Mohammadreza Saadat , Steve Nemzer

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) increasingly support dynamic image resolutions. However, current evaluation paradigms primarily assess semantic performance, overlooking the critical question of resolution robustness - whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Chenxu Li , Zhicai Wang , Yuan Sheng , Xingyu Zhu , Yanbin Hao , Xiang Wang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced interactions between users and models. These advancements concurrently underscore the need for rigorous safety evaluations due to the manifestation of social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Dahyun Jung , Seungyoon Lee , Hyeonseok Moon , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

Assessing factuality of text generated by large language models (LLMs) is an emerging yet crucial research area, aimed at alerting users to potential errors and guiding the development of more reliable LLMs. Nonetheless, the evaluators…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Shiqi Chen , Yiran Zhao , Jinghan Zhang , I-Chun Chern , Siyang Gao , Pengfei Liu , Junxian He

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) relies on the powerful LLM to perform multimodal tasks, showing amazing emergent abilities in recent studies, such as writing poems based on an image. However, it is difficult for these case studies to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyou Fu , Peixian Chen , Yunhang Shen , Yulei Qin , Mengdan Zhang , Xu Lin , Jinrui Yang , Xiawu Zheng , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Yunsheng Wu , Rongrong Ji , Caifeng Shan , Ran He

Amid the expanding use of pre-training data, the phenomenon of benchmark dataset leakage has become increasingly prominent, exacerbated by opaque training processes and the often undisclosed inclusion of supervised data in contemporary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Ruijie Xu , Zengzhi Wang , Run-Ze Fan , Pengfei Liu

Unlearning methods have the potential to improve the privacy and safety of large language models (LLMs) by removing sensitive or harmful information post hoc. The LLM unlearning research community has increasingly turned toward empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Pratiksha Thaker , Shengyuan Hu , Neil Kale , Yash Maurya , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) to assist clinicians has attracted remarkable attention. Existing works mainly adopt the close-ended question-answering (QA) task with answer options for evaluation. However, many clinical…

As large language models (LLMs) develop increasingly sophisticated capabilities and find applications in medical settings, it becomes important to assess their medical safety due to their far-reaching implications for personal and public…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Tessa Han , Aounon Kumar , Chirag Agarwal , Himabindu Lakkaraju

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in providing accessible mental health support, their practical deployment raises critical trustworthiness concerns due to the domains high-stakes and safety-sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zixin Xiong , Ziteng Wang , Haotian Fan , Xinjie Zhang , Wenxuan Wang

The breakthrough of generative large language models (LLMs) that can solve different tasks through chat interaction has led to a significant increase in the use of general benchmarks to assess the quality or performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Fabio Barth , Georg Rehm

Measuring innovation often relies on context-specific proxies and on expert evaluation. Hence, empirical innovation research is often limited to settings where such data is available. We investigate how large language models (LLMs) can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Robin Nowak , Patrick Figge , Carolin Haeussler

Large Language Models (LLMs) ) have demonstrated promise in boosting productivity across AI-powered tools, yet existing benchmarks like Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) inadequately assess enterprise-specific task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Liya Wang , David Yi , Damien Jose , John Passarelli , James Gao , Jordan Leventis , Kang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as knowledge bases (KBs), yet current evaluation methods focus too narrowly on knowledge retention, overlooking other crucial criteria for reliable performance. In this work, we rethink…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Danna Zheng , Mirella Lapata , Jeff Z. Pan