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Reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly become a pivotal technique in the post-training of large language models (LLMs). The effective exploration of the output space is essential for the success of RL. We observe that for complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Shihan Dou , Muling Wu , Jingwen Xu , Rui Zheng , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful framework for solving sequential decision-making problems, achieving remarkable success in a wide range of applications, including game AI, autonomous driving, biomedicine, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yinghan Sun , Hongxi Wang , Hua Chen , Wei Zhang

We investigate the modeling and the numerical solution of machine learning problems with prediction functions which are linear combinations of elements of a possibly infinite-dimensional dictionary. We propose a novel flexible composite…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-03 Patrick L. Combettes , Saverio Salzo , Silvia Villa

The utility of learning a dynamics/world model of the environment in reinforcement learning has been shown in a many ways. When using neural networks, however, these models suffer catastrophic forgetting when learned in a lifelong or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Nicholas Ketz , Soheil Kolouri , Praveen Pilly

We introduce a general framework for analyzing learning algorithms based on the notion of self-regularization, which captures implicit complexity control without requiring explicit regularization. This is motivated by previous observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-19 Max Schölpple , Liu Fanghui , Ingo Steinwart

Robots deployed in dynamic environments must remain safe even when key physical parameters are uncertain or change over time. We propose Parameter-Robust Model Predictive Path Integral (PRMPPI) control, a framework that integrates online…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Matti Vahs , Jaeyoun Choi , Niklas Schmid , Jana Tumova , Chuchu Fan

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) traditionally relies on costly training and human preference annotations. Self-alignment seeks to reduce these expenses by enabling models to align themselves. To further lower costs and achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Somanshu Singla , Zhen Wang , Tianyang Liu , Abdullah Ashfaq , Zhiting Hu , Eric P. Xing

Parameter-free algorithms are online learning algorithms that do not require setting learning rates. They achieve optimal regret with respect to the distance between the initial point and any competitor. Yet, parameter-free algorithms do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Keyi Chen , Ashok Cutkosky , Francesco Orabona

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) algorithms tackle sequential decision problems where agents may have different preferences over (possibly conflicting) reward functions. Such algorithms often learn a set of policies (each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Lucas N. Alegre , Ana L. C. Bazzan , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé , Bruno C. da Silva

Foundation models have transformed multimedia analysis by enabling robust and transferable representations across diverse modalities and tasks. However, their static deployment conflicts with growing societal and regulatory demands --…

We introduce a novel sensitivity analysis framework for large scale classification problems that can be used when a small number of instances are incrementally added or removed. For quickly updating the classifier in such a situation,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-14 Shota Okumura , Yoshiki Suzuki , Ichiro Takeuchi

This paper presents a novel approach that supports natural language voice instructions to guide deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms when training self-driving cars. DRL methods are popular approaches for autonomous vehicle (AV)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Mingze Wang , Ziyang Zhang , Grace Hui Yang

While reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promising performance, its sample complexity continues to be a substantial hurdle, restricting its broader application across a variety of domains. Imitation learning (IL) utilizes oracles to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xuefeng Liu , Takuma Yoneda , Rick L. Stevens , Matthew R. Walter , Yuxin Chen

This paper studies the design of feedback controllers to steer a switching linear time-invariant dynamical system towards the solution trajectory of a time-varying convex optimization problem. We propose two types of controllers: (i) a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Gianluca Bianchin , Jorge I. Poveda , Emiliano Dall'Anese

Effective reinforcement learning (RL) for complex stochastic systems requires leveraging historical data collected in previous iterations to accelerate policy optimization. Classical experience replay treats all past observations uniformly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-06 Hua Zheng , Wei Xie , M. Ben Feng , Keilung Choy

The gloabal objective of inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is to estimate the unknown cost function of some MDP base on observed trajectories generated by (approximate) optimal policies. The classical approach consists in tuning this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Firas Jarboui , Vianney Perchet

Feedback optimization algorithms compute inputs to a system using real-time output measurements, which helps mitigate the effects of disturbances. However, existing work often models both system dynamics and computations in either discrete…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-23 Oscar Jed Chuy , Matthew Hale , Ricardo Sanfelice

This paper proposes a novel formulation for reinforcement learning (RL) with large language models, explaining why and under what conditions the true sequence-level reward can be optimized via a surrogate token-level objective in policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Chujie Zheng , Kai Dang , Bowen Yu , Mingze Li , Huiqiang Jiang , Junrong Lin , Yuqiong Liu , Hao Lin , Chencan Wu , Feng Hu , An Yang , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin

This article investigates the core mechanisms of indirect data-driven control for unknown systems, focusing on the application of policy iteration (PI) within the context of the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal control problem.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Bowen Song , Andrea Iannelli

Online feedback optimization (OFO) enables optimal steady-state operations of a physical system by employing an iterative optimization algorithm as a dynamic feedback controller. When the plant consists of several interconnected…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Wenbin Wang , Zhiyu He , Giuseppe Belgioioso , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dörfler