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Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation and code repair, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jiexin Wang , Xitong Luo , Liuwen Cao , Hongkui He , Hailin Huang , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing scientific research, yet its growing integration into laboratory environments presents critical safety challenges. Large language models (LLMs) and vision language models (VLMs) now assist in…

Evaluations of large language model (LLM) risks and capabilities are increasingly being incorporated into AI risk management and governance frameworks. Currently, most risk evaluations are conducted by designing inputs that elicit harmful…

Recent breakthroughs in large multimodal models (LMMs) have significantly advanced both text-to-image (T2I) generation and image-to-text (I2T) interpretation. However, many generated images still suffer from issues related to perceptual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Jiarui Wang , Huiyu Duan , Yu Zhao , Juntong Wang , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Leo Schwinn , David Dobre , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in integrating vision into Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by Visual Language Models (VLMs) such as Flamingo and GPT-4. This paper sheds light on the security and safety implications of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Xiangyu Qi , Kaixuan Huang , Ashwinee Panda , Peter Henderson , Mengdi Wang , Prateek Mittal

The rapid rise in popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) with emerging capabilities has spurred public curiosity to evaluate and compare different LLMs, leading many researchers to propose their own LLM benchmarks. Noticing preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy R. McIntosh , Teo Susnjak , Nalin Arachchilage , Tong Liu , Paul Watters , Malka N. Halgamuge

The malicious use and widespread dissemination of AI-generated images pose a serious threat to the authenticity of digital content. Existing detection methods exploit low-level artifacts left by common manipulation steps within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Fei Wu , Guanghao Ding , Zijian Niu , Zhenrui Wang , Lei Yang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Shilin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced to a point that even humans have difficulty discerning whether a text was generated by another human, or by a computer. However, knowing whether a text was produced by human or artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Kathleen C. Fraser , Hillary Dawkins , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Recent advancements in Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of highly realistic synthetic content, raising concerns about the potential for malicious use, such as misinformation and manipulation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Andrea Pedrotti , Michele Papucci , Cristiano Ciaccio , Alessio Miaschi , Giovanni Puccetti , Felice Dell'Orletta , Andrea Esuli

In this paper, we expand on our previous research of the potential for abuse of generative language models by assessing GPT-3. Experimenting with prompts representative of different types of extremist narrative, structures of social…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Kris McGuffie , Alex Newhouse

Memes have become a dominant form of communication in social media in recent years. Memes are typically humorous and harmless, however there are also memes that promote hate speech, being in this way harmful to individuals and groups based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Maria Tzelepi , Vasileios Mezaris

Generative AI systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) usually use content moderation to prevent harmful content spread. To evaluate the robustness of content moderation, several metamorphic testing techniques have been proposed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Honghao Tan , Haibo Wang , Diany Pressato , Yisen Xu , Shin Hwei Tan

The rapid advancement of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) capabilities is accompanied by a concerning rise in its misuse. In particular the generation of credible misinformation in the form of images poses a significant threat to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Sina Mavali , Jonas Ricker , David Pape , Asja Fischer , Lea Schönherr

Recent advancements in AI have reinvigorated Agent-Based Models (ABMs), as the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the emergence of ``generative ABMs'' as a novel approach to simulating social systems. While ABMs offer…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Maik Larooij , Petter Törnberg

Embodied AI represents systems where AI is integrated into physical entities. Large Language Model (LLM), which exhibits powerful language understanding abilities, has been extensively employed in embodied AI by facilitating sophisticated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Hangtao Zhang , Chenyu Zhu , Xianlong Wang , Ziqi Zhou , Changgan Yin , Minghui Li , Lulu Xue , Yichen Wang , Shengshan Hu , Aishan Liu , Peijin Guo , Leo Yu Zhang

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress, yet their safety alignment remains limited. Typically, current open-source MLLMs rely on the alignment inherited from their language module to avoid harmful…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yanbo Wang , Jiyang Guan , Jian Liang , Ran He

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the future of cybersecurity through Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs). We explore LLM applications across various domains, including hardware design security, intrusion detection,…

The rapid advancement of AI-generated image (AIGI) models presents new challenges for evaluating image quality, particularly across three aspects: perceptual quality, prompt correspondence, and authenticity. To address these challenges, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chuan Cui , Kejiang Chen , Zhihua Wei , Wen Shen , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

The spread of fake news has emerged as a critical challenge, undermining trust and posing threats to society. In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), the capability to generate believable fake content has intensified these concerns. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jinyan Su , Terry Yue Zhuo , Jonibek Mansurov , Di Wang , Preslav Nakov