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In this short note, we give two proofs of the infinitude of primes via valuation theory and give a new proof of the divergence of the sum of prime reciprocals by Roth's theorem and Euler-Legendre's theorem for arithmetic progressions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-13 Shin-ichiro Seki

We study the arithmetic Fourier transforms of trace functions on general connected commutative algebraic groups. To do so, we first prove a generic vanishing theorem for twists of perverse sheaves by characters, and using this tool, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Arthur Forey , Javier Fresán , Emmanuel Kowalski

We study upper bounds for sums of Dirichlet characters. We prove a uniform upper bound of the character sum over all proper generalized arithmetic progressions, which generalizes the classical Polya and Vinogradov inequality. Our argument…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Xuancheng Shao

This paper is second in a series of three papers; the first of which is "Summation Formulas, from Poisson and Voronoi to the Present" (math.NT/0304187), and the third of which is "Automorphic Distributions, L-functions, and Voronoi…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Stephen D. Miller , Wilfried Schmid

Given a zero-free region and an averaged zero-density estimate over all Dirichlet $L$-functions modulo $q\in\mathbb{N}$, we refine the error terms of the prime number theorem in all and almost all short arithmetic progressions. For example,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Michael Harm

We give here a new proof of a Tauberian Theorem of complex Laplace transform using the Theory of measure and theory of function with bounded variations. However we deduce the simple proof of Prime Number Theorem.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-03-03 Lahoucine Elaissaoui

We prove some distribution results for the $k$-fold divisor function in arithmetic progressions to moduli that exceed the square-root of length $X$ of the sum, with appropriate constrains and averaging on the moduli, saving a power of $X$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-15 David T. Nguyen

We introduce a refinement of the classical Liouville function to primes in arithmetic progressions. Using this, we discover new biases in the appearances of primes in a given arithmetic progression in the prime factorizations of integers.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-24 Peter Humphries , Snehal M. Shekatkar , Tian An Wong

We study the distribution of closed geodesics for the modular surface. We improve the error term in the prime geodesic theorem, and obtain results on prime geodesics in very short intervals conditionally on the generalized Riemann…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-22 K. Soundararajan , Matthew P. Young

For each $f\!:\!\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{C}$ that is Henstock--Kurzweil integrable on the real line, or is a distribution in the completion of the space of Henstock--Kurzweil integrable functions in the Alexiewicz norm, it is shown that the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-01-29 Erik Talvila

We extend A.B. Mingarelli's method for constructing generalized factorials. Our extension uses a pair of arithmetic functions $(x, y)$, where $x$ is superadditive. When $x$ is the identity function, our generalized factorial reduces to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Wanli Ma

The object of this paper is to generalize a theorem on the binomial coefficient [4] to the case in an arithmetic progression. We will also give a slightly stronger result than Langevin's [2].

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-09-15 Shaohua Zhang

We propose a new integral based on Taylor measures, study its properties extensively, and we illustrate that it includes many concepts from mathematics as special cases. In particular, the new integral emerges as a generalization of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Athanasios Christou Micheas

It is known that there are infinitely-many prime numbers which take the form of a polynomial of degree one with integer coefficients, this is Dirichlet's theorem. We use an elementary sieving argument together with bounds on the prime…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-24 Acquaah Peter

We study a generalization of the classical Dedekind sum that incorporates two Dirichlet characters and develop properties that generalize those of the classical Dedekind sum. By calculating the Fourier transform of this generalized Dedekind…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-18 Travis Dillon , Stephanie Gaston

The Dirichlet divisor problem is used as a model to give a conjecture concerning the conditional convergence of the Dirichlet series of an L-function.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-05 Michael O. Rubinstein

In this note we propose a generalization of the Laplace and Fourier transforms which we call symmetric Laplace transform. It combines both the advantages of the Fourier and Laplace transforms. We give the definition of this generalization,…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Nikolaos Halidias

We demonstrate $k+1$-term arithmetic progressions in certain subsets of the real line whose "higher-order Fourier dimension" is sufficiently close to 1. This Fourier dimension, introduced in previous work, is a higher-order (in the sense of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-01-20 Marc Carnovale

Assuming the generalized Riemann hypothesis, we give asymptotic bounds on the size of intervals that contain primes from a given arithmetic progression using the approach developed by Carneiro, Milinovich and Soundararajan [Comment. Math.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Andrés Chirre , Valdir José Pereira Júnior , David de Laat

Chebyshev presented a conjecture after observing the apparent bias towards primes congruent to $3\pmod 4$. His conjecture is equivalent to a version of the Generalised Riemann Hypothesis. Fujii strengthened this conjecture; we strengthen it…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-02 Dave Platt , Tim Trudgian