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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer a promising path toward interpretable medical diagnosis by allowing users to ask about clinical explanations alongside predictions and across different modalities. However, training VLMs for detailed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Chenjun Li , Cheng Wan , Laurin Lux , Alexander Berger , Richard B. Rosen , Martin J. Menten , Johannes C. Paetzold

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide, requiring early detection to preserve sight. Limited access to physicians often leaves DR undiagnosed. To address this, AI models utilize lesion segmentation for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Shivum Telang

Interpretability is crucial to enhance trust in machine learning models for medical diagnostics. However, most state-of-the-art image classifiers based on neural networks are not interpretable. As a result, clinicians often resort to known…

Recent studies suggest that early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be diagnosed by monitoring vascular changes in the deep vascular complex. In this work, we investigate a novel method for automated DR grading based on optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-22 Linus Kreitner , Ivan Ezhov , Daniel Rueckert , Johannes C. Paetzold , Martin J. Menten

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of global blindness, necessitating early and accurate diagnosis. While deep learning models have shown promise in DR detection, their black-box nature often hinders clinical adoption due to a lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Masato Ito , Kaito Tanaka , Keisuke Matsuda , Aya Nakayama

The ultra-wide optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has become an important imaging modality in diabetic retinopathy (DR) diagnosis. However, there are few researches focusing on automatic DR analysis using ultra-wide OCTA. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Junlin Hou , Fan Xiao , Jilan Xu , Yuejie Zhang , Haidong Zou , Rui Feng

Accurate medical image analysis can greatly assist clinical diagnosis, but its effectiveness relies on high-quality expert annotations Obtaining pixel-level labels for medical images, particularly fundus images, remains costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xi Luo , Shixin Xu , Ying Xie , JianZhong Hu , Yuwei He , Yuhui Deng , Huaxiong Huang

Objective: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its angiography (OCTA) have several advantages for the early detection and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, automated, complete DR classification frameworks based on both OCT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-28 Pengxiao Zang , Liqin Gao , Tristan T. Hormel , Jie Wang , Qisheng You , Thomas S. Hwang , Yali Jia

The quality of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening relies on the ability to correctly grade severity; however, many deep-learning (DL) classifiers cannot be easily interpreted in the clinical context. This study presents a methodology that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Pir Bakhsh Khokhar , Carmine Gravino , Fabio Palomba , Sule Yildirim Yayilgan , Sarang Shaikh

We proposed a deep learning method for interpretable diabetic retinopathy (DR) detection. The visual-interpretable feature of the proposed method is achieved by adding the regression activation map (RAM) after the global averaging pooling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Zhiguang Wang , Jianbo Yang

Though deep learning has shown successful performance in classifying the label and severity stage of certain diseases, most of them give few explanations on how to make predictions. Inspired by Koch's Postulates, the foundation in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-02 Yuhao Niu , Lin Gu , Yitian Zhao , Feng Lu

In this paper, we propose an explainable and interpretable diabetic retinopathy (ExplainDR) classification model based on neural-symbolic learning. To gain explainability, a highlevel symbolic representation should be considered in decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Se-In Jang , Michael J. A. Girard , Alexandre H. Thiery

People with diabetes are at risk of developing an eye disease called diabetic retinopathy (DR). This disease occurs when high blood glucose levels cause damage to blood vessels in the retina. Computer-aided DR diagnosis is a promising tool…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Yi Zhou , Boyang Wang , Lei Huang , Shanshan Cui , Ling Shao

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown promising capabilities in interpreting visualized graph data, offering a new perspective for graph-structured reasoning beyond traditional Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Qihang Ai , Ruizhou Li , Menghui Wang , Haiyun Jiang

Purpose: To test the feasibility of using deep learning for optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: A deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture VGG16 was employed…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-16 David Le , Minhaj Alam , Cham Yao , Jennifer I. Lim , R. V. P. Chan , Devrim Toslak , Xincheng Yao

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a significant cause of blindness globally, highlighting the urgent need for early detection and effective treatment. Recent advancements in Machine Learning (ML) techniques have shown promise in DR detection,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 D. Dhinakaran , L. Srinivasan , D. Selvaraj , S. M. Udhaya Sankar

Deep learning classifiers provide the most accurate means of automatically diagnosing diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its angiography (OCTA). The power of these models is attributable in part to the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Pengxiao Zang , Tristan T. Hormel , Jie Wang , Yukun Guo , Steven T. Bailey , Christina J. Flaxel , David Huang , Thomas S. Hwang , Yali Jia

Medical reports with substantial information can be naturally complementary to medical images for computer vision tasks, and the modality gap between vision and language can be solved by vision-language matching (VLM). However, current…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Chen Wenting , Liu Jie , Yuan Yixuan

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness. However, no specific symptoms of early DR lead to a delayed diagnosis, which results in disease progression in patients. To determine the disease severity levels,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Li Tian , Liyan Ma , Zhijie Wen , Shaorong Xie , Yupeng Xu

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), an ocular complication of diabetes, is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Traditionally, DR is monitored using Color Fundus Photography (CFP), a widespread 2-D imaging modality. However, DR classifications…

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