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Concept erasure has emerged as a promising technique for mitigating the risk of harmful content generation in diffusion models by selectively unlearning undesirable concepts. The common principle of previous works to remove a specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Anh Bui , Trang Vu , Long Vuong , Trung Le , Paul Montague , Tamas Abraham , Junae Kim , Dinh Phung

As Text-to-Image models continue to evolve, so does the risk of generating unsafe, copyrighted, or privacy-violating content. Existing safety interventions - ranging from training data curation and model fine-tuning to inference-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shristi Das Biswas , Arani Roy , Kaushik Roy

Recent advance in text-to-image diffusion models have significantly facilitated the generation of high-quality images, but also raising concerns about the illegal creation of harmful content, such as copyrighted images. Existing concept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Zihao Wang , Yuxiang Wei , Fan Li , Renjing Pei , Hang Xu , Wangmeng Zuo

Internal activations of diffusion models encode rich semantic information, but interpreting such representations remains challenging. While Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have shown promise in disentangling latent representations, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhenghao He , Guangzhi Xiong , Boyang Wang , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

Guiding unconditional diffusion models typically requires either retraining with conditional inputs or per-step gradient computations (e.g., classifier-based guidance), both of which incur substantial computational overhead. We present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Qingsong Wang , Mikhail Belkin , Yusu Wang

As large-scale diffusion models continue to advance, they excel at producing high-quality images but often generate unwanted content, such as sexually explicit or violent content. Existing methods for concept removal generally guide the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Lingyun Zhang , Yu Xie , Yanwei Fu , Ping Chen

Conditional generative models typically demand large annotated training sets to achieve high-quality synthesis. As a result, there has been significant interest in designing models that perform plug-and-play generation, i.e., to use a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Anoop Cherian , Suhas Lohit , Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Vishal M. Patel , Tim K. Marks

Understanding and explaining the behavior of machine learning models is essential for building transparent and trustworthy AI systems. We introduce DEXTER, a data-free framework that employs diffusion models and large language models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Simone Carnemolla , Matteo Pennisi , Sarinda Samarasinghe , Giovanni Bellitto , Simone Palazzo , Daniela Giordano , Mubarak Shah , Concetto Spampinato

The rapid expansion of large-scale text-to-image diffusion models has raised growing concerns regarding their potential misuse in creating harmful or misleading content. In this paper, we introduce MACE, a finetuning framework for the task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Shilin Lu , Zilan Wang , Leyang Li , Yanzhu Liu , Adams Wai-Kin Kong

In concept erasure, a model is modified to selectively prevent it from generating a target concept. Despite the rapid development of new methods, it remains unclear how thoroughly these approaches remove the target concept from the model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kevin Lu , Nicky Kriplani , Rohit Gandikota , Minh Pham , David Bau , Chinmay Hegde , Niv Cohen

To what extent does concept erasure eliminate generative capacity in diffusion models? While prior evaluations have primarily focused on measuring concept suppression under specific textual prompts, we explore a complementary and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Ping Liu , Chi Zhang

While personalized text-to-image generation has enabled the learning of a single concept from multiple images, a more practical yet challenging scenario involves learning multiple concepts within a single image. However, existing works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Shaozhe Hao , Kai Han , Zhengyao Lv , Shihao Zhao , Kwan-Yee K. Wong

We demonstrate that pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models, despite being trained on raster images, possess a remarkable capacity to guide vector sketch synthesis. In this paper, we introduce DiffSketcher, a novel algorithm for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ximing Xing , Chuang Wang , Haitao Zhou , Jing Zhang , Qian Yu , Dong Xu

Diffusion models excel at generating visually striking content from text but can inadvertently produce undesirable or harmful content when trained on unfiltered internet data. A practical solution is to selectively removing target concepts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Anh Bui , Long Vuong , Khanh Doan , Trung Le , Paul Montague , Tamas Abraham , Dinh Phung

Text-to-video diffusion transformers encode semantic information unevenly across model depth, which constrains effective concept erasure. We identify a representational bottleneck, termed concept-layer topological alignment, under which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yiwei Xie , Ping Liu , Zheng Zhang

Editing images with diffusion models under strict training-free constraints remains a significant challenge. While recent optimisation-based methods achieve strong zero-shot edits from text, they struggle to preserve identity and capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Niki Foteinopoulou , Ignas Budvytis , Stephan Liwicki

Recent diffusion-based generators can produce high-quality images from textual prompts. However, they often disregard textual instructions that specify the spatial layout of the composition. We propose a simple approach that achieves robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Minghao Chen , Iro Laina , Andrea Vedaldi

Disentangled representation learning strives to extract the intrinsic factors within observed data. Factorizing these representations in an unsupervised manner is notably challenging and usually requires tailored loss functions or specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Tao Yang , Cuiling Lan , Yan Lu , Nanning zheng

Video object removal aims to eliminate target objects from videos while plausibly completing missing regions and preserving spatio-temporal consistency. Although diffusion models have recently advanced this task, it remains challenging to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Dingming Liu , Wenjing Wang , Chen Li , Jing Lyu

Text-to-image models encounter safety issues, including concerns related to copyright and Not-Safe-For-Work (NSFW) content. Despite several methods have been proposed for erasing inappropriate concepts from diffusion models, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Chao Gong , Kai Chen , Zhipeng Wei , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang