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Numerous empirical evidence has corroborated that the noise plays a crucial rule in effective and efficient training of neural networks. The theory behind, however, is still largely unknown. This paper studies this fundamental problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Mo Zhou , Tianyi Liu , Yan Li , Dachao Lin , Enlu Zhou , Tuo Zhao

Artificial neural network training with stochastic gradient descent can be destabilized by "bad batches" with high losses. This is often problematic for training with small batch sizes, high order loss functions or unstably high learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Jeffrey M. Ede , Richard Beanland

In machine learning, the scaling law describes how the model performance improves with the model and data size scaling up. From a learning theory perspective, this class of results establishes upper and lower generalization bounds for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Shihong Ding , Haihan Zhang , Hanzhen Zhao , Cong Fang

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a standard optimization method to minimize a training error with respect to network parameters in modern neural network learning. However, it typically suffers from proliferation of saddle points in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Haiping Huang , Taro Toyoizumi

Pruning methods have recently grown in popularity as an effective way to reduce the size and computational complexity of deep neural networks. Large numbers of parameters can be removed from trained models with little discernible loss in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Tim Whitaker , Darrell Whitley

Deep learning methods achieve state-of-the-art performance in many application scenarios. Yet, these methods require a significant amount of hyperparameters tuning in order to achieve the best results. In particular, tuning the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Francesco Orabona , Tatiana Tommasi

Stochastic approximation is a foundation for many algorithms found in machine learning and optimization. It is in general slow to converge: the mean square error vanishes as $O(n^{-1})$. A deterministic counterpart known as quasi-stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Caio Kalil Lauand , Sean Meyn

We consider the stochastic approximation problem where a convex function has to be minimized, given only the knowledge of unbiased estimates of its gradients at certain points, a framework which includes machine learning methods based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Francis Bach , Eric Moulines

In a series of recent theoretical works, it was shown that strongly over-parameterized neural networks trained with gradient-based methods could converge exponentially fast to zero training loss, with their parameters hardly varying. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Lenaic Chizat , Edouard Oyallon , Francis Bach

Hyperparameter selection in continual learning scenarios is a challenging and underexplored aspect, especially in practical non-stationary environments. Traditional approaches, such as grid searches with held-out validation data from all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Rudy Semola , Julio Hurtado , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Bacciu

Choosing the right parameters for optimization algorithms is often the key to their success in practice. Solving this problem using a learning-to-learn approach -- using meta-gradient descent on a meta-objective based on the trajectory that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-14 Xiang Wang , Shuai Yuan , Chenwei Wu , Rong Ge

We conjecture that the inherent difference in generalisation between adaptive and non-adaptive gradient methods in deep learning stems from the increased estimation noise in the flattest directions of the true loss surface. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-17 Diego Granziol , Nicholas Baskerville

The ever-growing availability of unlabeled data presents both opportunities and challenges for training artificial intelligence systems. While self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for extracting meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Vaibhav Singh , Paul Janson , Paria Mehrbod , Adam Ibrahim , Irina Rish , Eugene Belilovsky , Benjamin Thérien

Bilevel learning has gained prominence in machine learning, inverse problems, and imaging applications, including hyperparameter optimization, learning data-adaptive regularizers, and optimizing forward operators. The large-scale nature of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Mohammad Sadegh Salehi , Subhadip Mukherjee , Lindon Roberts , Matthias J. Ehrhardt

It is known that the learning rate is the most important hyper-parameter to tune for training deep neural networks. This paper describes a new method for setting the learning rate, named cyclical learning rates, which practically eliminates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Leslie N. Smith

We formalize the problem of machine unlearning as design of efficient unlearning algorithms corresponding to learning algorithms which perform a selection of adaptive queries from structured query classes. We give efficient unlearning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Enayat Ullah , Raman Arora

In spite of the accomplishments of deep learning based algorithms in numerous applications and very broad corresponding research interest, at the moment there is still no rigorous understanding of the reasons why such algorithms produce…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-04 Arnulf Jentzen , Timo Welti

Stochastic gradient methods enable learning probabilistic models from large amounts of data. While large step-sizes (learning rates) have shown to be best for least-squares (e.g., Gaussian noise) once combined with parameter averaging,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-22 Dmitry Babichev , Francis Bach

Modern deep learning (DL) architectures are trained using variants of the SGD algorithm that is run with a $\textit{manually}$ defined learning rate schedule, i.e., the learning rate is dropped at the pre-defined epochs, typically when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yunfei Teng , Jing Wang , Anna Choromanska

In this paper, a new gradient-based optimization approach by automatically adjusting the learning rate is proposed. This approach can be applied to design non-adaptive learning rate and adaptive learning rate. Firstly, I will introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Xin Cao
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