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Related papers: Evaluating Reinforcement Learning Safety and Trust…

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Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of significant research interest, and safe RL in particular is attracting attention due to its ability to handle safety-driven constraints that are crucial for real-world applications. This work…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Song Bo , Bernard T. Agyeman , Xunyuan Yin , Jinfeng Liu

AI systems empowered by reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms harbor the immense potential to catalyze societal advancement, yet their deployment is often impeded by significant safety concerns. Particularly in safety-critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Jiaming Ji , Jiayi Zhou , Borong Zhang , Juntao Dai , Xuehai Pan , Ruiyang Sun , Weidong Huang , Yiran Geng , Mickel Liu , Yaodong Yang

In this paper, we consider the important problem of safe exploration in reinforcement learning. While reinforcement learning is well-suited to domains with complex transition dynamics and high-dimensional state-action spaces, an additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-05 Javier Garcia , Fernando Fernandez

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is essentially a trial-and-error learning procedure which may cause unsafe behavior during the exploration-and-exploitation process. This hinders the application of RL to real-world control problems, especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Yutong Li , Nan Li , H. Eric Tseng , Anouck Girard , Dimitar Filev , Ilya Kolmanovsky

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise in simulated environments, such as games, where failures have minimal consequences. However, the deployment of RL agents in real-world systems such as autonomous vehicles, robotics, UAVs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Risal Shahriar Shefin , Md Asifur Rahman , Thai Le , Sarra Alqahtani

As reinforcement learning (RL) deployments expand into safety-critical domains, existing evaluation methods fail to systematically identify hazards arising from the black-box nature of neural network enabled policies and distributional…

Reliability is one of the major design criteria in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). This is because of the existence of some critical applications in CPSs and their failure is catastrophic. Therefore, employing strong error detection and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Seyyedamirhossein Saeidi , Forouzan Fallah , Saeed Samieezafarghandi , Hamed Farbeh

Sequential decision making under uncertainty is central to many Process Systems Engineering (PSE) challenges, where traditional methods often face limitations related to controlling and optimizing complex and stochastic systems.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Maximilian Bloor , Max Mowbray , Ehecatl Antonio Del Rio Chanona , Calvin Tsay

The application of reinforcement learning to safety-critical systems is limited by the lack of formal methods for verifying the robustness and safety of learned policies. This paper introduces a novel framework that addresses this gap by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ahmed Nasir , Abdelhafid Zenati

Function approximation has enabled remarkable advances in applying reinforcement learning (RL) techniques in environments with high-dimensional inputs, such as images, in an end-to-end fashion, mapping such inputs directly to low-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Junlin Wu , Hussein Sibai , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers promising solutions for control tasks in industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPSs), yet its real-world adoption remains limited. This paper demonstrates how seemingly small but well-designed modifications…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Georg Schäfer , Tatjana Krau , Jakob Rehrl , Stefan Huber , Simon Hirlaender

This paper addresses the problem of maintaining safety during training in Reinforcement Learning (RL), such that the safety constraint violations are bounded at any point during learning. In a variety of RL applications the safety of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Rohan Mitta , Hosein Hasanbeig , Jun Wang , Daniel Kroening , Yiannis Kantaros , Alessandro Abate

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising tool for developing controllers for real world systems (e.g., robotics, autonomous driving, etc.). However, real systems often have constraints imposed on their state space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Akshita Gupta , Inseok Hwang

Safety is a critical concern when deploying reinforcement learning agents for realistic tasks. Recently, safe reinforcement learning algorithms have been developed to optimize the agent's performance while avoiding violations of safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Baiming Chen , Zuxin Liu , Jiacheng Zhu , Mengdi Xu , Wenhao Ding , Ding Zhao

Safety is an essential component for deploying reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in real-world scenarios, and is critical during the learning process itself. A natural first approach toward safe RL is to manually specify constraints on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Krishnan Srinivasan , Benjamin Eysenbach , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Chelsea Finn

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) with reinforcement learning (RL)-based controllers are increasingly being deployed in complex physical environments such as autonomous vehicles, the Internet-of-Things(IoT), and smart cities. An important…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Changjian Zhang , Parv Kapoor , Eunsuk Kang , Romulo Meira-Goes , David Garlan , Akila Ganlath , Shatadal Mishra , Nejib Ammar

Safe exploration is critical for using reinforcement learning (RL) in risk-sensitive environments. Recent work learns risk measures which measure the probability of violating constraints, which can then be used to enable safety. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Michael Luo , Ashwin Balakrishna , Brijen Thananjeyan , Suraj Nair , Julian Ibarz , Jie Tan , Chelsea Finn , Ion Stoica , Ken Goldberg

Safety comes first in many real-world applications involving autonomous agents. Despite a large number of reinforcement learning (RL) methods focusing on safety-critical tasks, there is still a lack of high-quality evaluation of those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Linrui Zhang , Qin Zhang , Li Shen , Bo Yuan , Xueqian Wang , Dacheng Tao

Reinforcement learning (RL) is capable of sophisticated motion planning and control for robots in uncertain environments. However, state-of-the-art deep RL approaches typically lack safety guarantees, especially when the robot and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Mahmoud Selim , Amr Alanwar , Shreyas Kousik , Grace Gao , Marco Pavone , Karl H. Johansson

Safe Reinforcement Learning (SafeRL) is the subfield of reinforcement learning that explicitly deals with safety constraints during the learning and deployment of agents. This survey provides a mathematically rigorous overview of SafeRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ankita Kushwaha , Kiran Ravish , Preeti Lamba , Pawan Kumar