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As artificial intelligence (AI) technology advances, ensuring the robustness and safety of AI-driven systems has become paramount. However, varying perceptions of robustness among AI developers create misaligned evaluation metrics,…

The rapidly evolving field of autonomous driving systems (ADSs) is full of promise. However, in order to fulfil these promises, ADSs need to be safe in all circumstances. This paper introduces ISS-Scenario, an autonomous driving testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Renjue Li , Tianhang Qin , Cas Widdershoven

With increasing complexity of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), ensuring their safety and reliability has become a critical challenge. The Verification and Validation (V&V) of these systems are particularly demanding when AI components are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Srajan Goyal , Alberto Griggio , Jacob Kimblad , Stefano Tonetta

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms have been increasingly employed during the last decade to solve various decision-making problems such as autonomous driving and robotics. However, these algorithms have faced great challenges…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Amirhossein Zolfagharian , Manel Abdellatif , Lionel Briand , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh , Ramesh S

A major challenge in autonomous vehicle research is modeling agent behaviors, which has critical applications including constructing realistic and reliable simulations for off-board evaluation and forecasting traffic agents motion for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zhenghao Peng , Wenjie Luo , Yiren Lu , Tianyi Shen , Cole Gulino , Ari Seff , Justin Fu

There are many artificial intelligence algorithms for autonomous driving, but directly installing these algorithms on vehicles is unrealistic and expensive. At the same time, many of these algorithms need an environment to train and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Wei Cao , Liguo Zhou , Yuhong Huang , Alois Knoll

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revealed their potential for achieving autonomous agents possessing human-level intelligence. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating LLM Agents either use static datasets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Junzhe Chen , Xuming Hu , Shuodi Liu , Shiyu Huang , Wei-Wei Tu , Zhaofeng He , Lijie Wen

The massive successes of large language models (LLMs) encourage the emerging exploration of LLM-augmented Autonomous Agents (LAAs). An LAA is able to generate actions with its core LLM and interact with environments, which facilitates the…

Vehicle API testing verifies whether the interactions between a vehicle's internal systems and external applications meet expectations, ensuring that users can access and control various vehicle functions and data. However, this task is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Shuai Wang , Yinan Yu , Robert Feldt , Dhasarathy Parthasarathy

Recent advancements in computer graphics technology allow more realistic ren-dering of car driving environments. They have enabled self-driving car simulators such as DeepGTA-V and CARLA (Car Learning to Act) to generate large amounts of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Minh Cao , Ramin Ramezani

Training autonomous agents able to generalize to multiple tasks is a key target of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) research. In parallel to improving DRL algorithms themselves, Automatic Curriculum Learning (ACL) study how teacher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Clément Romac , Rémy Portelas , Katja Hofmann , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Tool use has turned large language models (LLMs) into powerful agents that can perform complex multi-step tasks by dynamically utilising external software components. However, these tools must be implemented in advance by human developers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Georg Wölflein , Dyke Ferber , Daniel Truhn , Ognjen Arandjelović , Jakob Nikolas Kather

Autonomous racing has advanced rapidly, particularly on scaled platforms, and software stacks must evolve accordingly. In this work, AROLA is introduced as a modular, layered software architecture in which fragmented and monolithic designs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Fam Shihata , Mohammed Abdelazim , Ahmed Hussein

Widespread adoption of self-driving cars will depend not only on their safety but largely on their ability to interact with human users. Just like human drivers, self-driving cars will be expected to understand and safely follow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Junha Roh , Chris Paxton , Andrzej Pronobis , Ali Farhadi , Dieter Fox

As LLMs continuously evolve, there is an urgent need for a reliable evaluation method that delivers trustworthy results promptly. Currently, static benchmarks suffer from inflexibility and unreliability, leading users to prefer human voting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ruochen Zhao , Wenxuan Zhang , Yew Ken Chia , Weiwen Xu , Deli Zhao , Lidong Bing

Large language models (LLMs) can empower teachers to build pedagogical conversational agents (PCAs) customized for their students. As students have different prior knowledge and motivation levels, teachers must review the adaptivity of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Hyoungwook Jin , Minju Yoo , Jeongeon Park , Yokyung Lee , Xu Wang , Juho Kim

In the autonomous driving field, fusion of human knowledge into Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is often based on the human demonstration recorded in a simulated environment. This limits the generalization and the feasibility of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Dianzhao Li , Ostap Okhrin

Data science tasks involving tabular data present complex challenges that require sophisticated problem-solving approaches. We propose AutoKaggle, a powerful and user-centric framework that assists data scientists in completing daily data…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being applied to programming tasks, ranging from single-turn code completion to autonomous agents. Current code agent designs frequently depend on complex, hand-crafted workflows and tool sets.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Hankun Dai , Maoquan Wang , Mengnan Qi , Yikai Zhang , Zijian Jin , Yongqiang Yao , Yufan Huang , Shengyu Fu , Elsie Nallipogu

User-friendly modeling and virtual simulation of urban traffic scenarios with different types of interacting agents such as pedestrians, cyclists and autonomous vehicles remains a challenge. We present CARJAN, a novel tool for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Leonard Frank Neis , Andre Antakli , Matthias Klusch