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In this work, the primary goal is to establish rigorous connection between the Fokker-Planck equation of neural networks with its microscopic model: the diffusion-jump stochastic process that captures the mean field behavior of collections…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-11-01 Jian-guo Liu , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Zhang , Zhennan Zhou

We present a simple thermodynamically consistent method for solving time-dependent Fokker--Planck equations (FPE) for over-damped stochastic processes, also known as Smoluchowski equations. It yields both transition and steady-state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-12 Viktor Holubec , Klaus Kroy , Stefano Steffenoni

In this paper, we propose a novel method to approximate the mean field stochastic differential equation by means of approximating the density function via Fokker-Planck equation. We construct a well-posed truncated Fokker-Planck equation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Jinhui Zhou , Yongkui Zou , Shimin Chai , Boyu Wang , Ziyi Tan

In this paper, we consider approximating the parameter-to-solution maps of parametric partial differential equations (PPDEs) using deep neural networks (DNNs). We propose an efficient approach combining reduced collocation methods (RCMs)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Guanhang Lei , Zhen Lei , Lei Shi , Chenyu Zeng

Solving the Fokker-Planck equation for high-dimensional complex dynamical systems remains a pivotal yet challenging task due to the intractability of analytical solutions and the limitations of traditional numerical methods. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Naoufal El Bekri , Lucas Drumetz , Franck Vermet

Relying on the classical connection between Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs) and non-linear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs), we propose a new probabilistic learning scheme for solving high-dimensional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Jean-François Chassagneux , Junchao Chen , Noufel Frikha , Chao Zhou

This review provides a pedagogic and self-contained introduction to master equations and to their representation by path integrals. We discuss analytical and numerical methods for the solution of master equations, keeping our focus on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-04 Markus F. Weber , Erwin Frey

In recent years we have witnessed a growth in mathematics for deep learning, which has been used to solve inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs). However, most deep learning-based inversion methods either require paired…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-23 Enze Jiang , Jishen Peng , Zheng Ma , Xiong-Bin Yan

In this work, we present a hybrid numerical method for solving evolution partial differential equations (PDEs) by merging the time finite element method with deep neural networks. In contrast to the conventional deep learning-based…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Xiaodong Feng , Haojiong Shangguan , Tao Tang , Xiaoliang Wan , Tao Zhou

This paper presents a partial state of the art about the topic of representation of generalized Fokker-Planck Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) by solutions of McKean Feynman-Kac Equations (MFKEs) that generalize the notion of McKean…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Lucas Izydorczyk , Nadia Oudjane , Francesco Russo

Nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to model dynamical processes in a large number of scientific fields, ranging from finance to biology. In many applications standard local models are not sufficient to accurately…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Victor Boussange , Sebastian Becker , Arnulf Jentzen , Benno Kuckuck , Loïc Pellissier

In this paper we analyze the behaviour of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a widely used method in supervised learning for optimizing neural network weights via a minimization of non-convex loss functions. Since the pioneering work of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Davide Barbieri , Matteo Bonforte , Peio Ibarrondo

The existence and uniqueness of measure-valued solutions to stochastic nonlinear, non-local Fokker-Planck equations is proven. This type of stochastic PDE is shown to arise in the mean field limit of weakly interacting diffusions with…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Michele Coghi , Benjamin Gess

McKean-Vlasov SDEs describe systems where the dynamics depend on the law of the process. The corresponding Fokker-Planck equation is a nonlinear, nonlocal PDE for the corresponding measure flow. In the presence of common noise and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Fabio Bugini , Peter K. Friz , Wilhelm Stannat

In this paper, we propose forward and backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) based deep neural network (DNN) learning algorithms for the solution of high dimensional quasilinear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs),…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-10 Wenzhong Zhang , Wei Cai

Recent work has explored solver strategies for the linear system of equations arising from a spectral Galerkin approximation of the solution of PDEs with parameterized (or stochastic) inputs. We consider the related problem of a matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-07-22 Paul G. Constantine , David F. Gleich , Gianluca Iaccarino

The numerical solution of high dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is severely constrained by the curse of dimensionality (CoD), rendering classical grid--based methods impractical beyond a few dimensions. In recent years,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Wenzhong Zhang , Zheyuan Hu , Wei Cai , George EM Karniadakis

Stochastic differential equations play an important role in various applications when modeling systems that have either random perturbations or chaotic dynamics at faster time scales. The time evolution of the probability distribution of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Yao Li , Caleb Meredith

For a solution to a (possibly nonlinear) Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) the powerful superposition principle renders a probability measure on path space with one dimensional time marginals equal to this solution, and additionally solving the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Lucian Beznea , Iulian Cîmpean , Michael Röckner

We propose and study a scheme combining the finite element method and machine learning techniques for the numerical approximations of coupled nonlinear forward-backward stochastic partial differential equations (FBSPDEs) with homogeneous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-16 Hasib Uddin Molla , Jinniao Qiu