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Resolving frequencies in a time-dependent field is classically limited by the measurement bandwidth. Using tools from quantum metrology and quantum control may overcome this limit, yet the full advantage afforded by entanglement so far…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Anirban Dey , Sara Mouradian , Cosmo Lupo , Zixin Huang

We consider the problem of quantum multi-parameter estimation with experimental constraints and formulate the solution in terms of a convex optimization. Specifically, we outline an efficient method to identify the optimal strategy for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Kevin C. Young , Mohan Sarovar , Robert Kosut , K. Birgitta Whaley

The problem of estimating an unknown phase $ \varphi $ using two-level probes in the presence of unital phase-covariant noise and using finite resources is investigated. We introduce a simple model in which the phase-imprinting operation on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-05 Rosanna Nichols , Thomas R. Bromley , Luis A. Correa , Gerardo Adesso

As a method to extract information from optical system, imaging can be viewed as a parameter estimation problem. The fundamental precision in locating one emitter or estimating the separation between two incoherent emitters is bounded below…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-29 Ben Wang , Liang Xu , Lijian Zhang

The quantum Fisher information (QFI) represents a fundamental concept in quantum physics. On the one hand, it quantifies the metrological potential of quantum states in quantum-parameter-estimation measurements. On the other hand, it is…

In this paper we provide the answer to the following question: given an arbitrary pure input state and a general, unbalanced, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, what transmission coefficient of the first beam splitter maximizes the quantum Fisher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-17 Stefan Ataman

Quantum parameter estimation holds the promise of quantum technologies, in which physical parameters can be measured with much greater precision than what is achieved with classical technologies. However, how to obtain a best precision when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Jianning Li , Dianzhen Cui , X. X. Yi

Quantum measurements, alongside quantum states and processes, form a cornerstone of quantum information processing. However, unlike states and processes, their efficient characterisation remains relatively unexplored. We resolve this…

Non-Hermitian systems and their topological singularities, such as exceptional points (EPs), lines, and surfaces, have recently attracted intense interest. The investigation of these exceptional constituents has led to fruitful…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-08 Liang Fang , Kai Bai , Cheng Guo , Tian-Rui Liu , Jia-Zheng Li , Meng Xiao

We investigate how fully-passive electromagnetic skins (EMSs) can be engineered to enhance channel charting (CC) in dense urban environments. We employ two complementary state-of-the-art CC techniques, semi-supervised t-distributed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Mahdi Maleki , Reza Agahzadeh Ayoubi , Marouan Mizmizi , Umberto Spagnolini

Extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI) signals pose significant challenges in gravitational wave (GW) astronomy owing to their low-frequency nature and highly complex waveforms, which occupy a high-dimensional parameter space with numerous…

We derive upper bounds on the quantum Fisher information in interferometry with $N$ subsystems, e.g. two-level atoms or Gaussian modes, in the presence of arbitrarily correlated Gaussian dephasing including independent and collective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-06 Katarzyna Macieszczak

The Fisher information $F$ gives a limit to the ultimate precision achievable in a phase estimation protocol. It has been shown recently that the Fisher information for a linear two-mode interferometer cannot exceed the number of particles…

Exceptional points (EPs), i.e. branch point singularities of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, are ubiquitous in optics. So far, the signatures of EPs have been mostly studied assuming classical light. In the passive parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-11 Stefano Longhi

With the rapid development of quantum technologies in recent years, the need for high sensitivity measuring techniques has become a key issue. In particular, optical sensors based on quantum states of light have proven to be optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Laura T. Knoll , Gustavo M. Bosyk

We determine a fundamental upper bound on the performance of any adaptive protocol for discrimination or estimation of a channel which has an unknown parameter encoded in the state of its environment. Since our approach relies on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Masahiro Takeoka , Mark M. Wilde

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems give rise to enhanced sensitivity and chiral state transfer, which are important for quantum technologies. Although parameter trajectories encircling EPs can control symmetric and chiral…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Qi-Cheng Wu , Yan-Hui Zhou , Biao-liang Ye , Tong Liu , Yi-Hao Kang , Qi-Ping Su , Chui-Ping Yang

Phase estimation in quantum interferometry is a major scenario where the quantum advantage is significantly revealed. Recently, the optimal finite-dimensional probe states (OFPSs) for phase estimation in two-mode quantum interferometry have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Jin-Feng Qin , Jing Liu

Since the initial discovery of quantum teleportation, it is devoted to transferring unknown quantum states from one party to another distant partner. However, in the scenarios of remote sensing, what people truly care about is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Yan-Ling Li , Yi-Bo Zeng , Lin Yao , Xing Xiao

In part I, the formalism for the description of open quantum systems (that are embedded into a common well-defined environment) by means of a non-Hermitian Hamilton operator $\ch$ is sketched. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter