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Diffusion Models are popular generative modeling methods in various vision tasks, attracting significant attention. They can be considered a unique instance of self-supervised learning methods due to their independence from label…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-19 Michael Fuest , Pingchuan Ma , Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Vincent Tao Hu , Bjorn Ommer

Networks are a powerful tool to model the structure and dynamics of complex systems across scales. Direct connections between system components are often represented as edges, while paths and walks capture indirect interactions. This…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-15 Rohit Sahasrabuddhe , Renaud Lambiotte , Martin Rosvall

Transformers are the dominant architecture in NLP, but their training and fine-tuning is still very challenging. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a visual analytic framework for assisting researchers in such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Raymond Li , Wen Xiao , Lanjun Wang , Hyeju Jang , Giuseppe Carenini

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across industries, driven by advances in deep learning and natural language processing, and fueled by large-scale data and computing resources. Despite its rapid adoption,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Sebastian Seidel , Uwe M. Borghoff

Attribution maps are one of the most established tools to explain the functioning of computer vision models. They assign importance scores to input features, indicating how relevant each feature is for the prediction of a deep neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Robin Hesse , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

Capabilities of inference and prediction are significant components of visual systems. In this paper, we address an important and challenging task of them: visual path prediction. Its goal is to infer the future path for a visual object in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-16 Siyu Huang , Xi Li , Zhongfei Zhang , Zhouzhou He , Fei Wu , Wei Liu , Jinhui Tang , Yueting Zhuang

The Transformer architecture has achieved significant success in natural language processing, motivating its adaptation to computer vision tasks. Unlike convolutional neural networks, vision transformers inherently capture long-range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zherui Zhang , Rongtao Xu , Jie Zhou , Changwei Wang , Xingtian Pei , Wenhao Xu , Jiguang Zhang , Li Guo , Longxiang Gao , Wenbo Xu , Shibiao Xu

Capsule networks were proposed as an alternative approach to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for learning object-centric representations, which can be leveraged for improved generalization and sample complexity. Unlike CNNs, capsule…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Kevin Duarte , Miles Everett , Georgios Leontidis , Mubarak Shah

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are highly effective on a variety of graph-related tasks; however, they lack interpretability and transparency. Current explainability approaches are typically local and treat GNNs as black-boxes. They do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Han Xuanyuan , Pietro Barbiero , Dobrik Georgiev , Lucie Charlotte Magister , Pietro Lió

Recent escalation in the field of computer vision underpins a huddle of algorithms with the magnificent potential to unravel the information contained within images. These computer vision algorithms are being practised in medical image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 Arshi Parvaiz , Muhammad Anwaar Khalid , Rukhsana Zafar , Huma Ameer , Muhammad Ali , Muhammad Moazam Fraz

Transformers have become the dominant model in natural language processing, owing to their ability to pretrain on massive amounts of data, then transfer to smaller, more specific tasks via fine-tuning. The Vision Transformer was the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Josh Beal , Eric Kim , Eric Tzeng , Dong Huk Park , Andrew Zhai , Dmitry Kislyuk

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have become the state-of-the-art computational models of biological object recognition. Their remarkable success has helped vision science break new ground and recent efforts have started to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Leonard E. van Dyck , Walter R. Gruber

Transformer-based language models have achieved significant success; however, their internal mechanisms remain largely opaque due to the complexity of non-linear interactions and high-dimensional operations. While previous studies have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Lin Zhang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Understanding the encoded representation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has been a fundamental yet challenging objective. In this work, we focus on two possible directions for analyzing representations of DNNs by studying simple image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Euna Jung , Jaekeol Choi , EungGu Yun , Wonjong Rhee

Deep neural networks are often considered opaque systems, prompting the need for explainability methods to improve trust and accountability. Existing approaches typically attribute test-time predictions either to input features (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aziz Bacha , Thomas George

Understanding how networks of neurons process information is one of the key challenges in modern neuroscience. A necessary step to achieve this goal is to be able to observe the dynamics of large populations of neurons over a large area of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-09 Pingfan Song , Herman Verinaz Jadan , Carmel L. Howe , Amanda J. Foust , Pier Luigi Dragotti

This paper considers neural representation through the lens of active inference, a normative framework for understanding brain function. It delves into how living organisms employ generative models to minimize the discrepancy between…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-24 Giovanni Pezzulo , Leo D'Amato , Francesco Mannella , Matteo Priorelli , Toon Van de Maele , Ivilin Peev Stoianov , Karl Friston

Explainability is becoming an increasingly important topic for deep neural networks. Though the operation in convolutional layers is easier to understand, processing becomes opaque in fully-connected layers. The basic idea in our work is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Ozan İrsoy , Ethem Alpaydın

Attribution methods assess the contribution of inputs to the model prediction. One way to do so is erasure: a subset of inputs is considered irrelevant if it can be removed without affecting the prediction. Though conceptually simple,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Nicola De Cao , Michael Schlichtkrull , Wilker Aziz , Ivan Titov

Deep neural networks are widely known for their remarkable effectiveness across various tasks, with the consensus that deeper networks implicitly learn more complex data representations. This paper shows that sufficiently deep networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Wojciech Masarczyk , Mateusz Ostaszewski , Ehsan Imani , Razvan Pascanu , Piotr Miłoś , Tomasz Trzciński