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Related papers: Toward a Corpus Study of the Dynamic Gradual Type

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Gradual typing has gained popularity as a design choice for integrating static and dynamic typing within a single language. Several practical languages have adopted gradual typing to offer programmers the flexibility to annotate their…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Senxi Li , Feng Dai , Tetsuro Yamazaki , Shigeru Chiba

Automated unit test generation is an established research field that has so far focused on statically-typed programming languages. The lack of type information in dynamically-typed programming languages, such as Python, inhibits test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Lukas Krodinger , Stephan Lukasczyk , Gordon Fraser

Automated unit test generation is an established research field, and mature test generation tools exist for statically typed programming languages such as Java. It is, however, substantially more difficult to automatically generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Stephan Lukasczyk , Florian Kroiß , Gordon Fraser

Transient gradual typing imposes run-time type tests that typically cause a linear slowdown in programs' performance. This performance impact discourages the use of type annotations because adding types to a program makes the program…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Richard Roberts , Stefan Marr , Michael Homer , James Noble

Gradually-typed programming languages permit the incremental addition of static types to untyped programs. To remain sound, languages insert run-time checks at the boundaries between typed and untyped code. Unfortunately, performance…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Cameron Moy , Phúc C. Nguyen , Sam Tobin-Hochstadt , David Van Horn

Elixir is a functional programming language with dynamic typing. We propose a gradual type system that makes it possible to perform type-checking on a significant fragment of the language. An important feature of the type system is that it…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mauricio Cassola , Agustín Talagorria , Alberto Pardo , Marcos Viera

Harnessing the power of dependently typed languages can be difficult. Programmers must manually construct proofs to produce well-typed programs, which is not an easy task. In particular, migrating code to these languages is challenging.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Joseph Eremondi , Ronald Garcia , Éric Tanter

Gradual typing combines static and dynamic typing in the same program. One would hope that the performance in a gradually typed language would range between that of a dynamically typed language and a statically typed language. Existing…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Andre Kuhlenschmidt , Deyaaeldeen Almahallawi , Jeremy G. Siek

Modern languages are equipped with static type checking/inference that helps programmers to keep a clean programming style and to reduce errors. However, the ever-growing size of programs and their continuous evolution require building fast…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Matteo Busi , Pierpaolo Degano , Letterio Galletta

Some test amplification tools extend a manually created test suite with additional test cases to increase the code coverage. The technique is effective, in the sense that it suggests strong and understandable test cases, generally adopted…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Mehrdad Abdi , Henrique Rocha , Serge Demeyer , Alexandre Bergel

A gradual type system allows developers to declare certain types to be enforced by the compiler (i.e., statically typed), while leaving other types to be enforced via runtime checks (i.e., dynamically typed). When runtime checks fail,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Felipe Bañados Schwerter , Ronald Garcia , Reid Holmes , Karim Ali

Type inference methods based on deep learning are becoming increasingly popular as they aim to compensate for the drawbacks of static and dynamic analysis approaches, such as high uncertainty. However, their practical application is still…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jonathan Elkobi , Bernd Gruner , Tim Sonnekalb , Clemens-Alexander Brust

Gradually typed languages allow statically typed and dynamically typed code to interact while maintaining benefits of both styles. The key to reasoning about these mixed programs is Siek-Vitousek-Cimini-Boyland's (dynamic) gradual…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Max S. New , Amal Ahmed

Static type errors are a common stumbling block for newcomers to typed functional languages. We present a dynamic approach to explaining type errors by generating counterexample witness inputs that illustrate how an ill-typed program goes…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Eric L Seidel , Ranjit Jhala , Westley Weimer

Dependent types help programmers write highly reliable code. However, this reliability comes at a cost: it can be challenging to write new prototypes in (or migrate old code to) dependently-typed programming languages. Gradual typing makes…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Joseph Eremondi , Éric Tanter , Ronald Garcia

Precise and fast static type analysis for dynamically typed language is very difficult. This is mainly because the lack of static type information makes it difficult to approximate all possible values of a variable. Actually, the existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Ryutaro Kodama , Yoshitaka Arahori , Kathuhiko Gondow

Test Amplification is a method to extend handwritten tests into a more rigorous test suite covering corner cases in the system under test. Unfortunately, the current state-of-the-art for test amplification heavily relies on program analysis…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Ebert Schoofs , Mehrdad Abdi , Serge Demeyer

Python's dynamic typing system offers flexibility and expressiveness but can lead to type-related errors, prompting the need for automated type inference to enhance type hinting. While existing learning-based approaches show promising…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Chong Wang , Jian Zhang , Yiling Lou , Mingwei Liu , Weisong Sun , Yang Liu , Xin Peng

Python is a widely adopted programming language, valued for its simplicity and flexibility. However, its dynamic type system poses significant challenges for automated refactoring - an essential practice in software evolution aimed at…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Jonhnanthan Oliveira , Rohit Gheyi , Márcio Ribeiro , Alessandro Garcia

We describe an alternative approach to handling mutable references (aka. pointers) within a gradually typed language that has different efficiency characteristics than the prior approach of Herman et al. [2010]. In particular, we reduce the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-07-15 Jeremy G. Siek , Michael M. Vitousek