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Related papers: PlainQAFact: Retrieval-augmented Factual Consisten…

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Plain language summaries (PLSs) are essential for facilitating effective communication between clinicians and patients by making complex medical information easier for laypeople to understand and act upon. Large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yue Guo , Jae Ho Sohn , Gondy Leroy , Trevor Cohen

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant strides in code generation, achieving impressive capabilities in synthesizing code snippets from natural language instructions. However, a critical challenge remains in ensuring LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jian Yang , Wei Zhang , Yizhi Li , Shawn Guo , Haowen Wang , Aishan Liu , Ge Zhang , Zili Wang , Zhoujun Li , Xianglong Liu , Weifeng Lv

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities, enabling concise, context-aware answers in question answering (QA) tasks. The lack of transparency in complex LLMs has inspired extensive research aimed at developing methods to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yangyi Li , Mengdi Huai

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted in various downstream task domains. However, their abilities to directly recall and apply factual medical knowledge remains under-explored. Most existing medical QA benchmarks assess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Jiaxi Li , Yiwei Wang , Kai Zhang , Yujun Cai , Bryan Hooi , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang , Jin Lu

Medical question-answering (QA) systems can benefit from advances in large language models (LLMs), but directly applying LLMs to the clinical domain poses challenges such as maintaining factual accuracy and avoiding hallucinations. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Tasnimul Hassan , Md Faisal Karim , Haziq Jeelani , Elham Behnam , Robert Green , Fayeq Jeelani Syed

We introduce KoLasSimpleQA, the first benchmark evaluating the multilingual factual ability of Large Language Models (LLMs). Inspired by existing research, we created the question set with features such as single knowledge point coverage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Bowen Jiang , Runchuan Zhu , Jiang Wu , Zinco Jiang , Yifan He , Junyuan Gao , Jia Yu , Rui Min , Yinfan Wang , Haote Yang , Songyang Zhang , Dahua Lin , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

Single document news summarization has seen substantial progress on faithfulness in recent years, driven by research on the evaluation of factual consistency, or hallucinations. We ask whether these advances carry over to other text…

Traditional fact-checking relies on humans to formulate relevant and targeted fact-checking questions (FCQs), search for evidence, and verify the factuality of claims. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have been commonly used to automate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Alimohammad Beigi , Bohan Jiang , Dawei Li , Zhen Tan , Pouya Shaeri , Tharindu Kumarage , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Huan Liu

The mechanisms underlying scientific confabulation in Large Language Models (LLMs) remain poorly understood. We introduce ReFACT (Reddit False And Correct Texts), a benchmark of 1,001 expert-annotated question-answer pairs with span-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yindong Wang , Martin Preiß , Margarita Bugueño , Jan Vincent Hoffbauer , Abdullatif Ghajar , Tolga Buz , Gerard de Melo

Despite the dramatic progress in Large Language Model (LLM) development, LLMs often provide seemingly plausible but not factual information, often referred to as hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented LLMs provide a non-parametric approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Sai Munikoti , Anurag Acharya , Sridevi Wagle , Sameera Horawalavithana

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in question answering (QA) tasks. However, Multi-Answer Question Answering (MAQA), where a question may have several valid answers, remains challenging. Traditional QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Eviatar Nachshoni , Arie Cattan , Shmuel Amar , Ori Shapira , Ido Dagan

This survey addresses the crucial issue of factuality in Large Language Models (LLMs). As LLMs find applications across diverse domains, the reliability and accuracy of their outputs become vital. We define the Factuality Issue as the…

Plain language summarization with LLMs can be useful for improving textual accessibility of technical content. But how factual are these summaries in a high-stakes domain like medicine? This paper presents FactPICO, a factuality benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Sebastian Antony Joseph , Lily Chen , Jan Trienes , Hannah Louisa Göke , Monika Coers , Wei Xu , Byron C Wallace , Junyi Jessy Li

Plain Language Summaries (PLS) aim to make research accessible to lay readers, but they are typically written in a one-size-fits-all style that ignores differences in readers' information needs and comprehension. In health contexts, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Joey Chan , Yikun Han , Jingyuan Chen , Samuel Fang , Lauren D. Gryboski , Alexandra Lee , Sheel Tanna , Qingqing Zhu , Zhiyong Lu , Lucy Lu Wang , Yue Guo

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in medical applications requires fact-checking capabilities to ensure patient safety and regulatory compliance. We introduce MedFact, a challenging Chinese medical fact-checking benchmark with 2,116…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiayi He , Yangmin Huang , Qianyun Du , Xiangying Zhou , Zhiyang He , Jiaxue Hu , Xiaodong Tao , Lixian Lai

The growing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) show significant potential to enhance healthcare by assisting medical researchers and physicians. However, their reliance on static training data is a major risk when medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Juraj Vladika , Mahdi Dhaini , Florian Matthes

This paper introduces MedExQA, a novel benchmark in medical question-answering, to evaluate large language models' (LLMs) understanding of medical knowledge through explanations. By constructing datasets across five distinct medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yunsoo Kim , Jinge Wu , Yusuf Abdulle , Honghan Wu

Despite significant progress has been achieved in text summarization, factual inconsistency in generated summaries still severely limits its practical applications. Among the key factors to ensure factual consistency, a reliable automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Yuexiang Xie , Fei Sun , Yang Deng , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly popularized in the multilingual world, ensuring hallucination-free factuality becomes markedly crucial. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating the reliability of Multimodal Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yexing Du , Kaiyuan Liu , Youcheng Pan , Zheng Chu , Bo Yang , Xiaocheng Feng , Ming Liu , Yang Xiang

Extracting patient information from unstructured text is a critical task in health decision-support and clinical research. Large language models (LLMs) have shown the potential to accelerate clinical curation via few-shot in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Zelalem Gero , Chandan Singh , Hao Cheng , Tristan Naumann , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Hoifung Poon