Related papers: Heat as a gauge connection
Thermodynamic fluctuation theory originated with Einstein who inverted the relation $S=k_B\ln\Omega$ to express the number of states in terms of entropy: $\Omega= \exp(S/k_B)$. The theory's Gaussian approximation is discussed in most…
We numerically determine the entropy for heat-conducting states, which is connected to the so-called excess heat considered as a basic quantity for steady-state thermodynamics in nonequilibrium. We adopt an efficient method to estimate the…
A thermodynamic framework that predicts the thermal conductivity $\lambda$ of simple fluids beyond the dilute-gas limit is introduced. By generalizing the transition-rate approach of particles on a lattice to conserved quantities in…
Using dual theories embedded into a larger unphysical Hilbert space along entanglement cuts, we study the Entanglement Structure of $\mathbf{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory in $(2+1)$ spacetime dimensions. We demonstrate Li and Haldane's…
Thermodynamics and information have intricate interrelations. Often thermodynamics is considered to be the logical premise to justify that information is physical - through Landauer's principle -, thereby also linking information and…
We investigate the entanglement temperature of a small scale subsystem in low excited states by using holographic method. Especially, we study the entanglement entropy and entanglement temperature in higher derivative gravities which are…
Some analogies between different nonequilibrium heat conduction models, particularly, random walk, discrete variable model, and Boltzmann transport equation with the single relaxation time approximation, have been discussed. We show that…
Evidence is given that some particles with large charges in gauge theories, including 4d N=4 SU(3) and 5d theories with N=1 supersymmetry, have macroscopic entropy. The ground state entropy is found to be extensive in the charges. The mass…
Materials that are constantly driven out of thermodynamic equilibrium, such as active and living systems, typically violate the Einstein relation. This may arise from active contributions to particle fluctuations which are unrelated to the…
We consider viscous, heat conducting mixtures of molecularly miscible chemical species forming a fluid in which the constituents can undergo chemical reactions. Assuming a common temperature for all components, we derive a closed system of…
Riemannian and contact geometry formalisms are used to study the fundamental equation of electromagnetic radiation-like systems, obeying a Stefan-Boltzmann's-like law. The vanishing of metric determinant is used for classifying what kind of…
Inspired by the holographic computation of large interval entanglement entropy of two dimensional conformal field theory at high temperature, it was proposed that the thermal entropy is related to the entanglement entropy as…
We present a general argument showing that the temperature as well as other thermodynamical state variables can qualify as entanglement witnesses for spatial entanglement. This holds for a variety of systems and we exemplify our ideas using…
I analyse the transport of particles of arbitrary statistics (Bose, Fermi and fractional exclusion statistics) through one-dimensional (1D) channels. Observing that the particle, energy, entropy and heat fluxes through the 1D channel are…
Heat and energy are conceptually different, but often are assumed to be the same without justification. An effective method for investigating diffusion properties in equilibrium systems is discussed. With this method, we demonstrate that…
The Heat theorem reveals the second law of equilibrium Thermodynamics (i.e.existence of Entropy) as a manifestation of a general property of Hamiltonian Mechanics and of the Ergodic Hypothesis, valid for 1 as well as $10^{23}$ degrees of…
The explanation of the apparent universality of thermodynamics points toward the extension of the usual conceptual background of the second law. Arguments are collected that a basic guiding idea of stability of thermodynamic equilibrium…
We give the thermodynamic definition of the heat magnetization, and calculate with use of the Keldysh formalism in a curved spacetime. The heat magnetization is conjugate to a torsional magnetic field, which is analogous to the fact that…
Previously, the Einstein equation has been described as an equation of state, general relativity as the equilibrium state of gravity, and $f({\cal R})$ gravity as a non-equilibrium one. We apply Eckart's first order thermodynamics to the…
The thermodynamic uncertainty relation expresses a universal trade-off between precision and entropy production, which applies in its original formulation to current observables in steady-state systems. We generalize this relation to…