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The growing prominence of large language models, such as GPT-4 and ChatGPT, has led to increased concerns over academic integrity due to the potential for machine-generated content and paraphrasing. Although studies have explored the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Jonas Becker , Jan Philip Wahle , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

We find that large language models (LLMs) are more likely to modify human-written text than AI-generated text when tasked with rewriting. This tendency arises because LLMs often perceive AI-generated text as high-quality, leading to fewer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Chengzhi Mao , Carl Vondrick , Hao Wang , Junfeng Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have opened up enormous opportunities while simultaneously posing ethical dilemmas. One of the major concerns is their ability to create text that closely mimics human writing, which can lead to potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Zhen Guo , Shangdi Yu

While AI-generated text (AIGT) detectors achieve over 90\% accuracy on direct LLM outputs, they fail catastrophically against iteratively-paraphrased content. We investigate why iteratively-paraphrased text -- itself AI-generated -- evades…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yiwei Zha , Rui Min , Shanu Sushmita

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly commonplace, concern about distinguishing between human and AI text increases as well. The growing power of these models is of particular concern to teachers, who may worry that students…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 James Weichert , Chinecherem Dimobi

With Internet users constantly leaving a trail of text, whether through blogs, emails, or social media posts, the ability to write and protest anonymously is being eroded because artificial intelligence, when given a sample of previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Rishi Balakrishnan , Stephen Sloan , Anil Aswani

Recent proposals advocate using keystroke timing signals, specifically the coefficient of variation ($\delta$) of inter-keystroke intervals, to distinguish human-composed text from AI-generated content. We demonstrate that this class of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 David Condrey

Author profiling is the task of inferring characteristics about individuals by analyzing content they share. Supervised machine learning still dominates automatic systems that perform this task, despite the popularity of prompting large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jan Hofmann , Cornelia Sindermann , Roman Klinger

ChatGPT has enabled access to AI-generated writing for the masses, and within just a few months, this product has disrupted the knowledge economy, initiating a culture shift in the way people work, learn, and write. The need to discriminate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Heather Desaire , Aleesa E. Chua , Madeline Isom , Romana Jarosova , David Hua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved human-level fluency in text generation, making it difficult to distinguish between human-written and LLM-generated texts. This poses a growing risk of misuse of LLMs and demands the development of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ryuto Koike , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki

Protecting the anonymity of authors has become a difficult task given the rise of automated authorship attributors. These attributors are capable of attributing the author of a text amongst a pool of authors with great accuracy. In order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Nicholas Abegg

High-quality paraphrases are easy to produce using instruction-tuned language models or specialized paraphrasing models. Although this capability has a variety of benign applications, paraphrasing attacks$\unicode{x2013}$paraphrases applied…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Rafael Rivera Soto , Barry Chen , Nicholas Andrews

Current techniques for detecting AI-generated text are largely confined to manual feature crafting and supervised binary classification paradigms. These methodologies typically lead to performance bottlenecks and unsatisfactory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Xun Guo , Shan Zhang , Yongxin He , Ting Zhang , Wanquan Feng , Haibin Huang , Chongyang Ma

ChatGPT brings revolutionary social value but also raises concerns about the misuse of AI-generated text. Consequently, an important question is how to detect whether texts are generated by ChatGPT or by human. Existing detectors are built…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Shuyang Cai , Wanyun Cui

The remarkable capabilities and easy accessibility of large language models (LLMs) have significantly increased societal risks (e.g., fake news generation), necessitating the development of LLM-generated text (LGT) detection methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hyunseok Lee , Jihoon Tack , Jinwoo Shin

The "Writer's Integrity" framework introduces a paradigm shift in maintaining the sanctity of human-generated text in the realms of academia, research, and publishing. This innovative system circumvents the shortcomings of current AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Sanad Aburass , Maha Abu Rumman

AI-text detectors face a critical robustness challenge: adversarial paraphrasing attacks that preserve semantics while evading detection. We introduce StealthRL, a reinforcement learning framework that stress-tests detector robustness under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Suraj Ranganath , Atharv Ramesh

The increasing reliance on large language models (LLMs) in academic writing has led to a rise in plagiarism. Existing AI-generated text classifiers have limited accuracy and often produce false positives. We propose a novel approach using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Mujahid Ali Quidwai , Chunhui Li , Parijat Dube

Text presented in augmented reality provides in-situ, real-time information for users. However, this content can be challenging to apprehend quickly when engaging in cognitively demanding AR tasks, especially when it is presented on a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Guande Wu , Jing Qian , Sonia Castelo , Shaoyu Chen , Joao Rulff , Claudio Silva

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has made it difficult to differentiate human-written text from AI-generated text. Several AI-text detectors have been developed in response, which typically utilize a fixed global threshold…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Minseok Jung , Cynthia Fuertes Panizo , Liam Dugan , Yi R. , Fung , Pin-Yu Chen , Paul Pu Liang