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Ensuring safety of large language models (LLMs) is important. Red teaming--a systematic approach to identifying adversarial prompts that elicit harmful responses from target LLMs--has emerged as a crucial safety evaluation method. Within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ren-Jian Wang , Ke Xue , Zeyu Qin , Ziniu Li , Sheng Tang , Hao-Tian Li , Shengcai Liu , Chao Qian

Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention due to their ability to mimic human language. Identifying texts generated by LLMs is crucial for understanding their capabilities and mitigating potential consequences. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Anjali Rawal , Hui Wang , Youjia Zheng , Yu-Hsuan Lin , Shanu Sushmita

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks. However, their practical application in high-stake domains, such as fraud and abuse detection, remains an area that requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Joymallya Chakraborty , Wei Xia , Anirban Majumder , Dan Ma , Walid Chaabene , Naveed Janvekar

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rank products, documents, and recommendations for user queries, which makes manipulating these rankings a growing concern for fairness and information integrity. Research on generative engine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ojas Nimase , Zhe Chen , Gengpei Qi , Yue Zhao , Xiyang Hu

Widely applied large language models (LLMs) can generate human-like content, raising concerns about the abuse of LLMs. Therefore, it is important to build strong AI-generated text (AIGT) detectors. Current works only consider document-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Pengyu Wang , Linyang Li , Ke Ren , Botian Jiang , Dong Zhang , Xipeng Qiu

Text-to-3D (T23D) generation has emerged as a crucial visual generation task, aiming at synthesizing 3D content from textual descriptions. Studies of this task are currently shifting from per-scene T23D, which requires optimization of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Xiao Cai , Sitong Su , Jingkuan Song , Pengpeng Zeng , Ji Zhang , Qinhong Du , Mengqi Li , Heng Tao Shen , Lianli Gao

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating text that closely resembles human writing across wide range of styles and genres. However, such capabilities are prone to potential abuse, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Harika Abburi , Kalyani Roy , Michael Suesserman , Nirmala Pudota , Balaji Veeramani , Edward Bowen , Sanmitra Bhattacharya

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has resulted in increasingly sophisticated AI-generated content, posing significant challenges in distinguishing LLM-generated text from human-written language. Existing detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Siyuan Li , Xi Lin , Guangyan Li , Zehao Liu , Aodu Wulianghai , Li Ding , Jun Wu , Jianhua Li

Although LLM-based agents, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), can use external tools and memory mechanisms to solve complex real-world tasks, they may also introduce critical security vulnerabilities. However, the existing literature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Hanrong Zhang , Jingyuan Huang , Kai Mei , Yifei Yao , Zhenting Wang , Chenlu Zhan , Hongwei Wang , Yongfeng Zhang

Despite impressive advances in large language models (LLMs), existing benchmarks often focus on single-turn or single-step tasks, failing to capture the kind of iterative reasoning required in real-world settings. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yiran Zhang , Mo Wang , Xiaoyang Li , Kaixuan Ren , Chencheng Zhu , Usman Naseem

The increasing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in various applications necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their robustness against adversarial attacks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on the robustness of GPT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yiyi Tao , Yixian Shen , Hang Zhang , Yanxin Shen , Lun Wang , Chuanqi Shi , Shaoshuai Du

Current evaluation paradigms for large language models (LLMs) represent a critical blind spot in AI research--relying on opaque numerical metrics that conceal fundamental limitations in spatial reasoning while providing no intuitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Liuhao Lin , Ke Li , Zihan Xu , Yuchen Shi , Yulei Qin , Yan Zhang , Xing Sun , Rongrong Ji

Recent benchmark efforts have advanced the evaluation of large language models (LLMs) in cybersecurity, including tasks such as penetration testing and vulnerability identification. However, a critical cybersecurity task, namely intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Danyu Sun , Jinghuai Zhang , Yuan Tian , Zhou Li

Existing literature on adversarial Machine Learning (ML) focuses either on showing attacks that break every ML model, or defenses that withstand most attacks. Unfortunately, little consideration is given to the actual feasibility of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Ying Yuan , Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Conti

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced text generation capabilities, yet evaluating their performance in generative writing remains a challenge. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on generic text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yuning Wu , Jiahao Mei , Ming Yan , Chenliang Li , Shaopeng Lai , Yuran Ren , Zijia Wang , Ji Zhang , Mengyue Wu , Qin Jin , Fei Huang

As intelligent systems become more autonomous, the scientific community focuses on creating decision-making mechanisms that include ethical and moral considerations, unlike traditional utility-maximisation models. To achieve this, a key…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Eduardo de la Cruz Fernández , Marcelo Karanik , Sascha Ossowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be misused to spread unwanted content at scale. Content watermarking deters misuse by hiding messages in content, enabling its detection using a secret watermarking key. Robustness is a core security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Abdulrahman Diaa , Toluwani Aremu , Nils Lukas

With the rise of generative language models, machine-generated text detection has become a critical challenge. A wide variety of models is available, but inconsistent datasets, evaluation metrics, and assessment strategies obscure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Kevin Stowe , Kailash Patil

With the integration of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) into robotic systems and AI applications, embedding emotional intelligence (EI) capabilities is essential for enabling these models to perceive, interpret, and respond to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 He Hu , Lianzhong You , Hongbo Xu , Qianning Wang , Fei Richard Yu , Fei Ma , Zebang Cheng , Zheng Lian , Yucheng Zhou , Laizhong Cui

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant advances in visual understanding tasks. However, their capacity to comprehend human-centric scenes has rarely been explored, primarily due to the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yuansen Liu , Haiming Tang , Jinlong Peng , Jiangning Zhang , Xiaozhong Ji , Qingdong He , Wenbin Wu , Donghao Luo , Zhenye Gan , Junwei Zhu , Yunhang Shen , Chaoyou Fu , Chengjie Wang , Xiaobin Hu , Shuicheng Yan