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Quantum computing has made substantial progress in recent years; however, its scalability remains constrained on a monolithic quantum processing unit (QPU). Distributed quantum computing (DQC) offers a pathway by coordinating multiple QPUs…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sen Zhang , Lingjun Xiong , Yipie Liu , Brian L. Mark , Lei Yang , Zebo Yang , Weiwen Jiang

We define the functionality of delegated pseudo-secret random qubit generator (PSRQG), where a classical client can instruct the preparation of a sequence of random qubits at some distant party. Their classical description is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Alexandru Cojocaru , Léo Colisson , Elham Kashefi , Petros Wallden

Quantum communication complexity studies the efficiency of information communication (that is, the minimum amount of communication required to achieve a certain task) using quantum states. One representative example is quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-06 Xiaoqing Zhong , Feihu Xu , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Li Qian

We present a general theorem for the efficient verification of the lower bound of single-photon transmittance. We show how to do decoy-state quantum key distribution efficiently with large random errors in the intensity control. In our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 X. B. Wang

Secure multi-party quantum computation (MPQC) protocol is a cryptographic primitive allowing error-free distributed quantum computation to a group of $n$ mutually distrustful quantum nodes even when some quantum nodes disobey the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Petr A. Mishchenko , Keita Xagawa

An efficient quantum cryptography network protocol is proposed with d-dimension polarized photons, without resorting to entanglement and quantum memory. A server on the network, say Alice, provides the service for preparing and measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Chun-Yan Li , Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Ping Zhou , Yu-Jie Liang , Hong-Yu Zhou

In practical quantum key distribution, weak coherent state is often used and the channel transmittance can be very small therefore the protocol could be totally insecure under the photon-number-splitting attack. We propose an efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Xiang-Bin Wang

Distributed quantum computation (DQC) is a promising approach for scalable quantum computing, where high-fidelity non-local operations among remote devices are required for universal quantum computation. These operations are typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-09 Kaoru Yamamoto , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Yasunari Suzuki , Yuuki Tokunaga , Suguru Endo

Existing quantum computers can only operate with hundreds of qubits in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) state, while quantum distributed computing (QDC) is regarded as a reliable way to address this limitation, allowing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Hui Zhong , Keyi Ju , Jiachen Shen , Xinyue Zhang , Xiaoqi Qin , Tomoaki Ohtsuki , Miao Pan , Zhu Han

In this work, we study the security of coherent-state quantum key distribution with a strong reference pulse. The consideration is based on a powerful soft filtering attack and uses realistic parameters of the equipment. Our model allows us…

Quantum network protocols offer new functionalities such as enhanced security to communication and computational systems. Despite the rapid progress in quantum hardware, it has not yet reached a level of maturity that enables execution of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-19 Chin-Te Liao , Sima Bahrani , Francisco Ferreira da Silva , Elham Kashefi

Current cloud-based quantum processors offer access to advanced hardware hosted on a remote server, but do not guarantee data or algorithm privacy. Blind quantum computation provides information-theoretic privacy by enabling a client to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Yongxin Song , Johannes Knörzer , Kieran Dalton , Andreas Wallraff , Jean-Claude Besse

A new class of quantum cryptography (QC) protocols that are robust against the most general photon number splitting attacks in a weak coherent pulse implementation has been recently proposed. In this article we give a quite exhaustive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Gisin , Valerio Scarani

Establishing scalable, secure quantum networks requires advancing beyond conventional point-to-point quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols toward point-to-multipoint QKD protocols. Here, we generalize a well-established…

A semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol allows a quantum user and a limited "classical" user to establish a shared secret key secure against an all-powerful adversary. In this work, we present a new SQKD protocol where the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Walter O. Krawec , Eric P. Geiss

Passive decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, proven to be more desirable than active ones in some scenarios, also have the problem of device imperfections like intensity fluctuations. In this paper the formular of key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Yuan Li , Wan-su Bao , Hong-wei Li , Chun Zhou , Yang Wang

We propose a distributed quantum computing (DQC) architecture in which individual small-sized quantum computers are connected to a shared quantum gate processing unit (S-QGPU). The S-QGPU comprises a collection of hybrid two-qubit gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-24 Shengwang Du , Yufei Ding , Chunming Qiao

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) allows two parties to generate multiple secure bits of information per detected photon. In this work, we show that decoy state protocols can be practically implemented for HD-QKD using only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-02 Darius Bunandar , Zheshen Zhang , Jeffrey H. Shapiro , Dirk R. Englund

Establishing and maintaining a common time reference across spatially separated devices is a prerequisite for networked quantum experiments and secure communications. Classical two-way timing protocols such as Network Time Protocol (NTP) or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Noah Crum , Md Mehdi Hassan , George Siopsis

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to communicate with theoretically provable secrecy by encoding information on photonic qubits. Current encoders are complex, however, which reduces their appeal for practical use and…

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