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A fundamental problem in drug discovery is to design molecules that bind to specific proteins. To tackle this problem using machine learning methods, here we propose a novel and effective framework, known as GraphBP, to generate 3D…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-31 Meng Liu , Youzhi Luo , Kanji Uchino , Koji Maruhashi , Shuiwang Ji

Antibody therapeutics are among the most successful modern medicines, yet computationally designing antibodies with desirable binding and developability properties remains challenging. While protein language models (pLMs) have emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Justin Sanders , Luca Giancardo , Lan Guo , Yue Zhao , Kemal Sonmez , Nina Cheng , Melih Yilmaz

Motivation: The development of novel compounds targeting proteins of interest is one of the most important tasks in the pharmaceutical industry. Deep generative models have been applied to targeted molecular design and have shown promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Gökçe Uludoğan , Elif Ozkirimli , Kutlu O. Ulgen , Nilgün Karalı , Arzucan Özgür

Target proteins that lack accessible binding pockets and conformational stability have posed increasing challenges for drug development. Induced proximity strategies, such as PROTACs and molecular glues, have thus gained attention as…

After AlphaFold won the Nobel Prize, protein prediction with deep learning once again became a hot topic. We comprehensively explore advanced deep learning methods applied to protein structure prediction and design. It begins by examining…

Understanding the dynamic nature of protein structures is essential for comprehending their biological functions. While significant progress has been made in predicting static folded structures, modeling protein motions on microsecond to…

Through evolution, nature has presented a set of remarkable protein materials, including elastins, silks, keratins and collagens with superior mechanical performances that play crucial roles in mechanobiology. However, going beyond natural…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-12-19 Bo Ni , David L. Kaplan , Markus J. Buehler

Numerous cellular functions rely on protein$\unicode{x2013}$protein interactions. Efforts to comprehensively characterize them remain challenged however by the diversity of molecular recognition mechanisms employed within the proteome. Deep…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-08 Julia R. Rogers , Gergő Nikolényi , Mohammed AlQuraishi

Deep neural-network-based language models (LMs) are increasingly applied to large-scale protein sequence data to predict protein function. However, being largely black-box models and thus challenging to interpret, current protein LM…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-06 Mai Ha Vu , Rahmad Akbar , Philippe A. Robert , Bartlomiej Swiatczak , Victor Greiff , Geir Kjetil Sandve , Dag Trygve Truslew Haug

The scarcity of experimental protein-ligand complexes poses a significant challenge for training robust deep learning models for molecular docking. Given the prohibitive cost and time constraints associated with experimental structure…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-17 Sofiene Khiari , Matthew R. Masters , Amr H. Mahmoud , Markus A. Lill

Proteins are fundamental to biology, executing diverse functions through complex physicochemical interactions, and they hold transformative potential across medicine, materials science, and environmental applications. Protein Language…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-11 Logan Hallee , Nikolaos Rafailidis , David B. Bichara , Jason P. Gleghorn

Generating novel and functional protein sequences is critical to a wide range of applications in biology. Recent advancements in conditional diffusion models have shown impressive empirical performance in protein generation tasks. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Zinan Ling , Yi Shi , Brett McKinney , Da Yan , Yang Zhou , Bo Hui

Efficient design and discovery of target-driven molecules is a critical step in facilitating lead optimization in drug discovery. Current approaches to develop molecules for a target protein are intuition-driven, hampered by slow iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Andrew D. McNaughton , Mridula S. Bontha , Carter R. Knutson , Jenna A. Pope , Neeraj Kumar

Significant progress in computer hardware and software have enabled molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to model complex biological phenomena such as protein folding. However, enabling MD simulations to access biologically relevant…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-02 Heng Ma , Debsindhu Bhowmik , Hyungro Lee , Matteo Turilli , Michael T. Young , Shantenu Jha , Arvind Ramanathan

This work introduces the generative fractional diffusion model for protein generation (ProT-GFDM), a novel generative framework that employs fractional stochastic dynamics for protein backbone structure modeling. This approach builds on the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-01 Xiao Liang , Wentao Ma , Eric Paquet , Herna Lydia Viktor , Wojtek Michalowski

Deep learning has made significant progress in protein structure prediction, advancing the development of computational biology. However, despite the high accuracy achieved in predicting single-chain structures, a significant number of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-08 Zhaoqun Li , Jingcheng Yu , Qiwei Ye

Proteins are miniature machines whose function depends on their three-dimensional (3D) structure. Determining this structure computationally remains an unsolved grand challenge. A major bottleneck involves selecting the most accurate…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-30 Stephan Eismann , Patricia Suriana , Bowen Jing , Raphael J. L. Townshend , Ron O. Dror

We propose generative neural network methods to generate DNA sequences and tune them to have desired properties. We present three approaches: creating synthetic DNA sequences using a generative adversarial network; a DNA-based variant of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Nathan Killoran , Leo J. Lee , Andrew Delong , David Duvenaud , Brendan J. Frey

The characterization of drug-protein interactions is crucial in the high-throughput screening for drug discovery. The deep learning-based approaches have attracted attention because they can predict drug-protein interactions without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 QHwan Kim , Joon-Hyuk Ko , Sunghoon Kim , Nojun Park , Wonho Jhe

The conformational landscape of proteins is crucial to understanding their functionality in complex biological processes. Traditional physics-based computational methods, such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, suffer from rare event…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-25 Yan Wang , Lihao Wang , Yuning Shen , Yiqun Wang , Huizhuo Yuan , Yue Wu , Quanquan Gu