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From natural language processing to vision, Scaled Dot Product Attention (SDPA) is the backbone of most modern deep learning applications. Unfortunately, its memory and computational requirements can be prohibitive in low-resource settings.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Peyman Hosseini , Mehran Hosseini , Ignacio Castro , Matthew Purver

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple devices to collaboratively train a shared model while preserving data privacy. Ever-increasing model complexity coupled with limited memory resources on the participating devices severely bottlenecks…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Chunlin Tian , Li Li , Kahou Tam , Yebo Wu , Chengzhong Xu

Transferring pre-trained knowledge from a source model to a target model of a different architectural size is a key challenge for flexible and efficient model scaling. However, current parameter-space methods treat Small-to-Large (S2L) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jianlu Shen , Fu Feng , Jiaze Xu , Yucheng Xie , Jiaqi Lv , Xin Geng

Adapting pre-trained large language models (LLMs) is crucial but challenging due to their enormous size. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques typically employ additive adapters applied to frozen model weights. To further reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Junda Su , Aditya Desai , Oscar Wu , Zhaozhuo Xu , Anshumali Shrivastava

Pre-trained large language models can efficiently interpolate human-written prompts in a natural way. Multitask prompted learning can help generalization through a diverse set of tasks at once, thus enhancing the potential for more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 M Saiful Bari , Aston Zhang , Shuai Zheng , Xingjian Shi , Yi Zhu , Shafiq Joty , Mu Li

Effective learning of spatial-temporal information within a point cloud sequence is highly important for many down-stream tasks such as 4D semantic segmentation and 3D action recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel framework named…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Yimin Wei , Hao Liu , Tingting Xie , Qiuhong Ke , Yulan Guo

LLMs' performance on complex tasks is still unsatisfactory. A key issue is that presently LLMs learn in a data-driven schema, while the instructions about these complex tasks are both scarce and hard to collect or construct. On the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Yang Zhao , Li Du , Xiao Ding , Kai Xiong , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Low-rank adapters (LoRA) and their variants are popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques that closely match full model fine-tune performance while requiring only a small number of additional parameters. These additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Runqian Wang , Soumya Ghosh , David Cox , Diego Antognini , Aude Oliva , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success with their billion-level parameters, yet they incur high inference overheads. The emergence of activation sparsity in LLMs provides a natural approach to reduce this cost by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Haizhong Zheng , Xiaoyan Bai , Xueshen Liu , Z. Morley Mao , Beidi Chen , Fan Lai , Atul Prakash

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) demonstrate remarkable intelligence but struggle with emerging tasks unseen during training in real-world applications. Training separate models for each new task is usually impractical. Multi-task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Xiao Zhang , Kangsheng Wang , Tianyu Hu , Huimin Ma

Structured pruning fundamentally reduces computational and memory overheads of large language models (LLMs) and offers a feasible solution for end-side LLM deployment. Structurally pruned models remain dense and high-precision, highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Bowen Shen , Zheng Lin , Daren Zha , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Weiping Wang

As an efficient alternative to conventional full finetuning, parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) is becoming the prevailing method to adapt pretrained language models. In PEFT, a lightweight module is learned on each dataset while the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jinghan Zhang , Shiqi Chen , Junteng Liu , Junxian He

The pretrain-then-finetune paradigm has been widely used in various unimodal and multimodal tasks. However, finetuning all the parameters of a pre-trained model becomes prohibitive as the model size grows exponentially. To address this…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Hongye Liu , Xianhai Xie , Yang Gao , Size Li , Zhou YU

Transfer learning is a deep-learning technique that ameliorates the problem of learning when human-annotated labels are expensive and limited. In place of such labels, it uses instead the previously trained weights from a well-chosen source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-11 John R. Kender , Bishwaranjan Bhattacharjee , Parijat Dube , Brian Belgodere

Activation outliers in large-scale transformer models pose a fundamental challenge to model quantization, creating excessively large ranges that cause severe accuracy drops during quantization. We empirically observe that outlier severity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Arnav Chavan , Nahush Lele , Udbhav Bamba , Sankalp Dayal , Aditi Raghunathan , Deepak Gupta

Full fine-tuning of large language models for alignment and task adaptation has become prohibitively expensive as models have grown in size. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods aim at significantly reducing the computational and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jesus Rios , Pierre Dognin , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan N. Ramamurthy

Recently, the scale of transformers has grown rapidly, which introduces considerable challenges in terms of training overhead and inference efficiency in the scope of task adaptation. Existing works, namely Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yizhe Xiong , Hui Chen , Tianxiang Hao , Zijia Lin , Jungong Han , Yuesong Zhang , Guoxin Wang , Yongjun Bao , Guiguang Ding

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) show impressive performance in various downstream NLP tasks. However, pre-training large language models demands substantial memory and training compute. Furthermore, due to the substantial resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 HyunJin Kim , Young Jin Kim , JinYeong Bak

The evolution of Vision Transformers has led to their widespread adaptation to different domains. Despite large-scale success, there remain significant challenges including their reliance on extensive computational and memory resources for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Suyash Gaurav , Muhammad Farhan Humayun , Jukka Heikkonen , Jatin Chaudhary

Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods are proposed as an alternative fine-tuning approach for Large Language Models (LLM) to minimize high training costs. While prior research demonstrates the effectiveness of PEFT methods in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Amirreza Esmaeili , Iman Saberi , Fatemeh H. Fard