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One of the latest trends in generative Artificial Intelligence is tools that generate and analyze content in different modalities, such as text and images, and convert information from one to the other. From a conceptual point of view, it…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Javier Conde , Tobias Cheung , Gonzalo Martínez , Pedro Reviriego , Rik Sarkar

Model collapse, the degradation in performance that arises when generative models are trained on the outputs of prior models, is an increasing concern as artificially generated content proliferates. Related critiques of large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Devon Jarvis , Richard Klein , Benjamin Rosman , Steven James , Stefano Sarao Mannelli

Synthetic data has been increasingly used to train frontier generative models. However, recent studies raise key concerns that iteratively retraining a generative model on its self-generated synthetic data may keep deteriorating model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-09 Bingji Yi , Qiyuan Liu , Yuwei Cheng , Haifeng Xu

Text-to-Image Diffusion Models such as Stable-Diffusion and Imagen have achieved unprecedented quality of photorealism with state-of-the-art FID scores on MS-COCO and other generation benchmarks. Given a caption, image generation requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Samyadeep Basu , Nanxuan Zhao , Vlad Morariu , Soheil Feizi , Varun Manjunatha

The proliferation of AI-generated content online has fueled concerns over \emph{model collapse}, a degradation in future generative models' performance when trained on synthetic data generated by earlier models. Industry leaders, premier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Rylan Schaeffer , Joshua Kazdan , Alvan Caleb Arulandu , Sanmi Koyejo

We investigate the impact of deep generative models on potential social biases in upcoming computer vision models. As the internet witnesses an increasing influx of AI-generated images, concerns arise regarding inherent biases that may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Tianwei Chen , Yusuke Hirota , Mayu Otani , Noa Garcia , Yuta Nakashima

Large language models increasingly rely on synthetic data due to human-written content scarcity, yet recursive training on model-generated outputs leads to model collapse, a degenerative process threatening factual reliability. We define…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Figarri Keisha , Zekun Wu , Ze Wang , Adriano Koshiyama , Philip Treleaven

The use of synthetically generated data for training models is becoming a common practice. While generated data can augment the training data, repeated training on synthetic data raises concerns about distribution drift and degradation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Daniil Zverev , A. Sophia Koepke , Joao F. Henriques

Large-scale generative models have shown impressive image-generation capabilities, propelled by massive data. However, this often inadvertently leads to the generation of harmful or inappropriate content and raises copyright concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Myeongseob Ko , Henry Li , Zhun Wang , Jonathan Patsenker , Jiachen T. Wang , Qinbin Li , Ming Jin , Dawn Song , Ruoxi Jia

The rapid proliferation of multimodal generative models has sparked critical discussions on their reliability, fairness and potential for misuse. While text-to-image models excel at producing high-fidelity, user-guided content, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Leonid Sigal , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

The phenomenon of model collapse, introduced in (Shumailov et al., 2023), refers to the deterioration in performance that occurs when new models are trained on synthetic data generated from previously trained models. This recursive training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Mohamed El Amine Seddik , Suei-Wen Chen , Soufiane Hayou , Pierre Youssef , Merouane Debbah

Text-to-image diffusion models rely on massive, web-scale datasets. Training them from scratch is computationally expensive, and as a result, developers often prefer to make incremental updates to existing models. These updates often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Vinith M. Suriyakumar , Rohan Alur , Ayush Sekhari , Manish Raghavan , Ashia C. Wilson

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and generative image models have achieved remarkable performance across multimodal tasks, yet their robustness and fairness under input transformations remain insufficiently explored. This work investigates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Tarannum Mithila

Recent works show that text-to-image generative models are surprisingly vulnerable to a variety of poisoning attacks. Empirical results find that these models can be corrupted by altering associations between individual text prompts and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wenxin Ding , Cathy Y. Li , Shawn Shan , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

Recursive Self-Improvement (RSI) enables intelligence systems to autonomously refine their capabilities. This paper explores the application of RSI in text-to-image diffusion models, addressing the challenge of training collapse caused by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Xulu Zhang , Xiaoyong Wei , Jinlin Wu , Jiaxin Wu , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Zhen Lei , Qing Li

Generative foundation models like Stable Diffusion comprise a diverse spectrum of knowledge in computer vision with the potential for transfer learning, e.g., via generating data to train student models for downstream tasks. This could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Leonhard Hennicke , Christian Medeiros Adriano , Holger Giese , Jan Mathias Koehler , Lukas Schott

Model collapse in synthetic data indicates that iterative training on self-generated data leads to a gradual decline in performance. With the proliferation of AI models, synthetic data will fundamentally reshape the web data ecosystem.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Xuekai Zhu , Daixuan Cheng , Hengli Li , Kaiyan Zhang , Ermo Hua , Xingtai Lv , Ning Ding , Zhouhan Lin , Zilong Zheng , Bowen Zhou

Text-to-image diffusion models achieve impressive visual fidelity, yet they remain unreliable in multi-object generation. Despite extensive empirical evidence of these failures, the underlying causes remain unclear. We begin by asking how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yujin Jeong , Arnas Uselis , Iro Laina , Seong Joon Oh , Anna Rohrbach

Recent studies identified an intriguing phenomenon in recursive generative model training known as model collapse, where models trained on data generated by previous models exhibit severe performance degradation. Addressing this issue and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-10 Hengzhi He , Shirong Xu , Guang Cheng

Generative AI models have recently achieved astonishing results in quality and are consequently employed in a fast-growing number of applications. However, since they are highly data-driven, relying on billion-sized datasets randomly…