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Convolution as inner product has been the founding basis of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and the key to end-to-end visual representation learning. Benefiting from deeper architectures, recent CNNs have demonstrated increasingly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Weiyang Liu , Yan-Ming Zhang , Xingguo Li , Zhiding Yu , Bo Dai , Tuo Zhao , Le Song

Unknown examples that are unseen during training often appear in real-world computer vision tasks, and an intelligent self-learning system should be able to differentiate between known and unknown examples. Open set recognition, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Jaeyeon Jang , Chang Ouk Kim

Open-set supervised anomaly detection (OSAD) - a recently emerging anomaly detection area - aims at utilizing a few samples of anomaly classes seen during training to detect unseen anomalies (i.e., samples from open-set anomaly classes),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiawen Zhu , Choubo Ding , Yu Tian , Guansong Pang

Open-set recognition and adversarial defense study two key aspects of deep learning that are vital for real-world deployment. The objective of open-set recognition is to identify samples from open-set classes during testing, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Rui Shao , Pramuditha Perera , Pong C. Yuen , Vishal M. Patel

Open-world object detection (OWOD) is a challenging problem that combines object detection with incremental learning and open-set learning. Compared to standard object detection, the OWOD setting is task to: 1) detect objects seen during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Jinan Yu , Liyan Ma , Zhenglin Li , Yan Peng , Shaorong Xie

Open set recognition (OSR) assumes unknown instances appear out of the blue at the inference time. The main challenge of OSR is that the response of models for unknowns is totally unpredictable. Furthermore, the diversity of open set makes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 WonJun Moon , Junho Park , Hyun Seok Seong , Cheol-Ho Cho , Jae-Pil Heo

Few-Shot Open-Set Recognition (FSOSR) targets a critical real-world challenge, aiming to categorize inputs into known categories, termed closed-set classes, while identifying open-set inputs that fall outside these classes. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Byeonggeun Kim , Juntae Lee , Kyuhong Shim , Simyung Chang

Artificial intelligence (AI) based device identification improves the security of the internet of things (IoT), and accelerates the authentication process. However, existing approaches rely on the assumption that we can learn all the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-07 Qing Wang , Qing Liu , Zihao Zhang , Haoyu Fang , Xi Zheng

In this paper we introduce the SCoRe (Submodular Combinatorial Representation Learning) framework, a novel approach in representation learning that addresses inter-class bias and intra-class variance. SCoRe provides a new combinatorial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Anay Majee , Suraj Kothawade , Krishnateja Killamsetty , Rishabh Iyer

Action recognition is a fundamental capability for humanoid robots to interact and cooperate with humans. This application requires the action recognition system to be designed so that new actions can be easily added, while unknown actions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Stefano Berti , Andrea Rosasco , Michele Colledanchise , Lorenzo Natale

This paper introduces ROSAR, a novel framework enhancing the robustness of deep learning object detection models tailored for side-scan sonar (SSS) images, generated by autonomous underwater vehicles using sonar sensors. By extending our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Martin Aubard , László Antal , Ana Madureira , Luis F. Teixeira , Erika Ábrahám

The promise of self-supervised learning (SSL) is to leverage large amounts of unlabeled data to solve complex tasks. While there has been excellent progress with simple, image-level learning, recent methods have shown the advantage of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Olivier J. Hénaff , Skanda Koppula , Evan Shelhamer , Daniel Zoran , Andrew Jaegle , Andrew Zisserman , João Carreira , Relja Arandjelović

A fundamental limitation of applying semi-supervised learning in real-world settings is the assumption that unlabeled test data contains only classes previously encountered in the labeled training data. However, this assumption rarely holds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Kaidi Cao , Maria Brbic , Jure Leskovec

Deep Learning shows very good performance when trained on large labeled data sets. The problem of training a deep net on a few or one sample per class requires a different learning approach which can generalize to unseen classes using only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Jinchao Liu , Stuart J. Gibson , Margarita Osadchy

How can we train graph-based models to recognize unseen classes while keeping labeling costs low? Graph open-set learning (GOL) and out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aim to address this challenge by training models that can accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Haoyan Xu , Kay Liu , Zhengtao Yao , Philip S. Yu , Mengyuan Li , Kaize Ding , Yue Zhao

Facial expression recognition (FER) is a challenging task due to pervasive occlusion and dataset biases. Especially when facial information is partially occluded, existing FER models struggle to extract effective facial features, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Huiyu Zhai , Xingxing Yang , Yalan Ye , Chenyang Li , Bin Fan , Changze Li

Annotating remote sensing images (RSIs) presents a notable challenge due to its labor-intensive nature. Semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) methods tackle this issue by generating pseudo-labels for the unlabeled data, assuming that all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Nanqing Liu , Xun Xu , Yingjie Gao , Heng-Chao Li

The problem of detecting a small number of outliers in a large dataset is an important task in many fields from fraud detection to high-energy physics. Two approaches have emerged to tackle this problem: unsupervised and supervised.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Barbora Micenková , Brian McWilliams , Ira Assent

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) leverages unlabeled data containing both in-distribution (ID) and unknown out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, aiming simultaneously to improve closed-set accuracy and detect novel OOD instances.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 You Rim Choi , Subeom Park , Seojun Heo , Eunchung Noh , Hyung-Sin Kim

The goal for classification is to correctly assign labels to unseen samples. However, most methods misclassify samples with unseen labels and assign them to one of the known classes. Open-Set Classification (OSC) algorithms aim to maximize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Halil Bisgin , Andres Palechor , Mike Suter , Manuel Günther