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In visuomotor policy learning, diffusion-based imitation learning has become widely adopted for its ability to capture diverse behaviors. However, approaches built on ordinary and stochastic denoising processes struggle to jointly achieve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Qianyou Zhao , Yuliang Shen , Xuanran Zhai , Ce Hao , Duidi Wu , Jin Qi , Jie Hu , Qiaojun Yu

With the rising demand for flexible manufacturing, robots are increasingly expected to operate in dynamic environments where local -- such as slight offsets or size differences in workpieces -- are common. We propose to address the problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Marco Iannotta , Johannes A. Stork , Erik Schaffernicht , Todor Stoyanov

We present an online model-based reinforcement learning algorithm suitable for controlling complex robotic systems directly in the real world. Unlike prevailing sim-to-real pipelines that rely on extensive offline simulation and model-free…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Fang Nan , Hao Ma , Qinghua Guan , Josie Hughes , Michael Muehlebach , Marco Hutter

In this work we propose a novel end-to-end imitation learning approach which combines natural language, vision, and motion information to produce an abstract representation of a task, which in turn is used to synthesize specific motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Mariano Phielipp , Chitta Baral , Heni Ben Amor

Compliance plays a crucial role in manipulation, as it balances between the concurrent control of position and force under uncertainties. Yet compliance is often overlooked by today's visuomotor policies that solely focus on position…

Learning long-horizon robotic manipulation requires jointly achieving expressive behavior modeling, real-time inference, and stable execution, which remains challenging for existing generative policies. Diffusion-based approaches offer…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wu Songwei , Jiang Zhiduo , Sun Wandong , Xie Guanghu , Zhao Rui , Liu Hong , Liu Yang

Arm end-effector stabilization is essential for humanoid loco-manipulation tasks, yet it remains challenging due to the high degrees of freedom and inherent dynamic instability of bipedal robot structures. Previous model-based controllers…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jaehwi Jang , Zhuoheng Wang , Ziyi Zhou , Feiyang Wu , Ye Zhao

Robot navigation around humans can be a challenging problem since human movements are hard to predict. Stochastic model predictive control (MPC) can account for such uncertainties and approximately bound the probability of a collision to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Yunfan Gao , Florian Messerer , Niels van Duijkeren , Moritz Diehl

Model Predictive Control (MPC) has proven to be a powerful tool for the control of systems with constraints. Nonetheless, in many applications, a major challenge arises, that is finding the optimal solution within a single sampling instant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Valentina Breschi , Simone Formentin , Alberto Leva

We are interested in learning scalable agents for reinforcement learning that can learn from large-scale, diverse sequential data similar to current large vision and language models. To this end, this paper presents masked decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Fangchen Liu , Hao Liu , Aditya Grover , Pieter Abbeel

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) present a flexible and appealing way to represent uncertainty. Despite recent advances, training EBMs on high-dimensional data remains a challenging problem as the state-of-the-art approaches are costly, unstable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Will Grathwohl , Jacob Kelly , Milad Hashemi , Mohammad Norouzi , Kevin Swersky , David Duvenaud

Multi-modal behavior cloning faces significant challenges due to mode averaging and mode collapse, where traditional models fail to capture diverse input-output mappings. This problem is critical in applications like robotics, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yixiao Li , Julia Barth , Thomas Kiefer , Ahmad Fraij

Robust waypoint prediction is crucial for mobile robots operating in open-world, safety-critical settings. While Imitation Learning (IL) methods have demonstrated great success in practice, they are susceptible to distribution shifts: the…

To enable safe and effective human-robot collaboration (HRC) in smart manufacturing, seamless integration of sensing, cognition, and prediction into the robot controller is critical for real-time awareness, response, and communication…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Dianhao Zhang , Mien Van , Pantelis Sopasakis , Seán McLoone

On-policy reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are widely used for their strong asymptotic performance and training stability, but they struggle to scale with larger batch sizes, as additional parallel environments yield redundant data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jianren Wang , Yifan Su , Abhinav Gupta , Deepak Pathak

This work developed a meta-learning approach that adapts the control policy on the fly to different changing conditions for robust locomotion. The proposed method constantly updates the interaction model, samples feasible sequences of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Timothée Anne , Jack Wilkinson , Zhibin Li

Guaranteeing constraint satisfaction is challenging in imitation learning (IL), particularly in tasks that require operating near a system's handling limits. Traditional IL methods, such as Behavior Cloning (BC), often struggle to enforce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Shengfan Cao , Eunhyek Joa , Francesco Borrelli

Reactive motion generation problems are usually solved by computing actions as a sum of policies. However, these policies are independent of each other and thus, they can have conflicting behaviors when summing their contributions together.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Julen Urain , Anqi Li , Puze Liu , Carlo D'Eramo , Jan Peters

Classical motion planning for robotic manipulation includes a set of general algorithms that aim to minimize a scene-specific cost of executing a given plan. This approach offers remarkable adaptability, as they can be directly used…

Flexible robots may overcome some of the industry's major challenges, such as enabling intrinsically safe human-robot collaboration and achieving a higher payload-to-mass ratio. However, controlling flexible robots is complicated due to…