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Multi-label classification is a widely encountered problem in daily life, where an instance can be associated with multiple classes. In theory, this is a supervised learning method that requires a large amount of labeling. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 XIn Zhang , Yuqi Song , Fei Zuo , Xiaofeng Wang

Conventional detectors suffer from performance degradation when dealing with long-tailed data due to a classification bias towards the majority head categories. In this paper, we contend that the learning bias originates from two factors:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Tianhao Qi , Hongtao Xie , Pandeng Li , Jiannan Ge , Yongdong Zhang

Solving multi-label recognition (MLR) for images in the low-label regime is a challenging task with many real-world applications. Recent work learns an alignment between textual and visual spaces to compensate for insufficient image labels,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ximeng Sun , Ping Hu , Kate Saenko

There is an inescapable long-tailed class-imbalance issue in many real-world classification problems. Current methods for addressing this problem only consider scenarios where all examples come from the same distribution. However, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Xinyu Yang , Huaxiu Yao , Allan Zhou , Chelsea Finn

The long-tail recommendation is a challenging task for traditional recommender systems, due to data sparsity and data imbalance issues. The recent development of large language models (LLMs) has shown their abilities in complex reasoning,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Junda Wu , Cheng-Chun Chang , Tong Yu , Zhankui He , Jianing Wang , Yupeng Hou , Julian McAuley

As the class size grows, maintaining a balanced dataset across many classes is challenging because the data are long-tailed in nature; it is even impossible when the sample-of-interest co-exists with each other in one collectable unit,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Kaihua Tang , Jianqiang Huang , Hanwang Zhang

Legal text classification is a fundamental NLP task in the legal domain. Benchmark datasets in this area often exhibit a long-tail label distribution, where many labels are underrepresented, leading to poor model performance on rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Boheng Mao

Multi-label text classification refers to the problem of assigning each given document its most relevant labels from the label set. Commonly, the metadata of the given documents and the hierarchy of the labels are available in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yu Zhang , Zhihong Shen , Yuxiao Dong , Kuansan Wang , Jiawei Han

Most existing methods that cope with noisy labels usually assume that the class distributions are well balanced, which has insufficient capacity to deal with the practical scenarios where training samples have imbalanced distributions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Chaowei Fang , Lechao Cheng , Huiyan Qi , Dingwen Zhang

Label distributions in camera-trap images are highly imbalanced and long-tailed, resulting in neural networks tending to be biased towards head-classes that appear frequently. Although long-tail learning has been extremely explored to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Byeongjun Park , Jeongsoo Kim , Seungju Cho , Heeseon Kim , Changick Kim

We introduce LOCORE, Long-Context Re-ranker, a model that takes as input local descriptors corresponding to an image query and a list of gallery images and outputs similarity scores between the query and each gallery image. This model is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Zilin Xiao , Pavel Suma , Ayush Sachdeva , Hao-Jen Wang , Giorgos Kordopatis-Zilos , Giorgos Tolias , Vicente Ordonez

Long-tailed classification, where a small number of frequent classes dominate many rare ones, remains challenging because models systematically favor frequent classes at inference time. Existing post-hoc methods such as logit adjustment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhanliang Wang , Hongzhuo Chen , Quan Minh Nguyen , Mian Umair Ahsan , Kai Wang

Deep neural networks may perform poorly when training datasets are heavily class-imbalanced. Recently, two-stage methods decouple representation learning and classifier learning to improve performance. But there is still the vital issue of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Zhisheng Zhong , Jiequan Cui , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Multi-label classification studies the task where each example belongs to multiple labels simultaneously. As a representative method, Ranking Support Vector Machine (Rank-SVM) aims to minimize the Ranking Loss and can also mitigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Guoqiang Wu , Ruobing Zheng , Yingjie Tian , Dalian Liu

Although contrastive learning methods have shown prevailing performance on a variety of representation learning tasks, they encounter difficulty when the training dataset is long-tailed. Many researchers have combined contrastive learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Min-Kook Suh , Seung-Woo Seo

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) to rank a set of items has become a common approach in recommendation and retrieval systems. Typically, these systems focus on ordering a substantial number of documents in a monotonic order based on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

In the context of Extreme Multi-label Text Classification (XMTC), where labels are assigned to text instances from a large label space, the long-tail distribution of labels presents a significant challenge. Labels can be broadly categorized…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Celso França , Gestefane Rabbi , Thiago Salles , Washington Cunha , Leonardo Rocha , Marcos André Gonçalves

Multi-label learning is a rapidly growing research area that aims to predict multiple labels from a single input data point. In the era of big data, tasks involving multi-label classification (MLC) or ranking present significant and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Adane Nega Tarekegn , Mohib Ullah , Faouzi Alaya Cheikh

Long-tailed multi-label visual recognition poses a significant challenge, as images typically contain multiple labels with highly imbalanced class distributions, leading to biased models that favor head classes while underperforming on tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Wei Tang , Zuo-Zheng Wang , Kun Zhang , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

Continual Learning aims to learn from a stream of tasks, being able to remember at the same time both new and old tasks. While many approaches were proposed for single-class classification, multi-label classification in the continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Davide Dalle Pezze , Denis Deronjic , Chiara Masiero , Diego Tosato , Alessandro Beghi , Gian Antonio Susto