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This technical report presents the training methodology and evaluation results of the open-source multilingual E5 text embedding models, released in mid-2023. Three embedding models of different sizes (small / base / large) are provided,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Xiaolong Huang , Linjun Yang , Rangan Majumder , Furu Wei

Leveraging Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to create embodied agents offers a promising avenue for tackling real-world tasks. While language-centric embodied agents have garnered substantial attention, MLLM-based embodied agents…

Distributed word embeddings have shown superior performances in numerous Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, their performances vary significantly across different tasks, implying that the word embeddings learnt by those…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Danushka Bollegala , Kohei Hayashi , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi

This work introduces a benchmark assessing the performance of clustering German text embeddings in different domains. This benchmark is driven by the increasing use of clustering neural text embeddings in tasks that require the grouping of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Silvan Wehrli , Bert Arnrich , Christopher Irrgang

Recently, code language models have achieved notable advancements in addressing a diverse array of essential code comprehension and generation tasks. Yet, the field lacks a comprehensive deep dive and understanding of the code embeddings of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Saiteja Utpala , Alex Gu , Pin Yu Chen

While large multi-modal models (LMM) have shown notable progress in multi-modal tasks, their capabilities in tasks involving dense textual content remains to be fully explored. Dense text, which carries important information, is often found…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Shuo Zhang , Biao Yang , Zhang Li , Zhiyin Ma , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

As generative AI becomes increasingly embedded in everyday workflows, it is important to evaluate its performance in ways that reflect real-world usage rather than abstract notions of intelligence. Unlike many existing benchmarks that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Justin K Miller , Wenjia Tang

Neural machine translation has significantly pushed forward the quality of the field. However, there are remaining big issues with the output translations and one of them is fairness. Neural models are trained on large text corpora which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Joel Escudé Font , Marta R. Costa-jussà

Multilingual language models have shown decent performance in multilingual and cross-lingual natural language understanding tasks. However, the power of these multilingual models in code-switching tasks has not been fully explored. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Zihan Liu , Zhaojiang Lin , Andrea Madotto , Pascale Fung

A popular natural language processing task decades ago, word alignment has been dominated until recently by GIZA++, a statistical method based on the 30-year-old IBM models. New methods that outperform GIZA++ primarily rely on large machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Kelly Marchisio , Conghao Xiong , Philipp Koehn

Conflict prediction in communication is integral to the design of virtual agents that support successful teamwork by providing timely assistance. The aim of our research is to analyze discourse to predict collaboration success.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Ayesha Enayet , Gita Sukthankar

In this paper, we introduce personalized word embeddings, and examine their value for language modeling. We compare the performance of our proposed prediction model when using personalized versus generic word representations, and study how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Charles Welch , Jonathan K. Kummerfeld , Verónica Pérez-Rosas , Rada Mihalcea

Human experts write summaries using different techniques, including extracting a sentence from the document and rewriting it, or fusing various information from the document to abstract it. These techniques are flexible and thus difficult…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Guangsheng Bao , Zebin Ou , Yue Zhang

Embedding models are integral to AI applications like semantic search, personalized recommendations, and retrieval augmented generation for LLMs, necessitating high-quality training data. However, the limited scalability of manual data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Aivin V. Solatorio

Model merging provides a scalable alternative to multi-task training by combining specialized finetuned models through parameter arithmetic, enabling efficient deployment without the need for joint training or access to all task data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yifei He , Siqi Zeng , Yuzheng Hu , Rui Yang , Tong Zhang , Han Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have undergone significant expansion and have been increasingly integrated across various domains. Notably, in the realm of robot task planning, LLMs harness their advanced reasoning and language comprehension…

In this paper, we assess the visualization literacy of two prominent Large Language Models (LLMs): OpenAI's Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPT), the backend of ChatGPT, and Google's Gemini, previously known as Bard, to establish…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jiayi Hong , Christian Seto , Arlen Fan , Ross Maciejewski

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive task-solving capabilities through prompting techniques and system designs, including solving planning tasks (e.g., math proofs, basic travel planning) when sufficient data is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Wenjun Li , Changyu Chen , Pradeep Varakantham

In recent years, the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) has attracted increasing attention due to their potential in a variety of practical applications. The application of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Jinzhou Lin , Han Gao , Xuxiang Feng , Rongtao Xu , Changwei Wang , Man Zhang , Li Guo , Shibiao Xu

Word embeddings and language models have transformed natural language processing (NLP) by facilitating the representation of linguistic elements in continuous vector spaces. This review visits foundational concepts such as the…

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