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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on a mixture of diverse datasets poses challenges due to data imbalance and heterogeneity. Existing methods often address these issues across datasets (globally) but overlook the imbalance and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Weixuan Wang , Minghao Wu , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Scaling long-context ability is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs). To amortize the memory consumption across multiple devices in long-context training, inter-data partitioning (a.k.a. Data Parallelism) and intra-data partitioning…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Hao Ge , Junda Feng , Qi Huang , Fangcheng Fu , Xiaonan Nie , Lei Zuo , Haibin Lin , Bin Cui , Xin Liu

Large language models produce powerful text embeddings, but their causal attention mechanism restricts the flow of information from later to earlier tokens, degrading representation quality. While recent methods attempt to solve this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xueying Ding , Xingyue Huang , Mingxuan Ju , Liam Collins , Yozen Liu , Leman Akoglu , Neil Shah , Tong Zhao

The efficient distributed training of Large Language Models (LLMs) is severely hampered by the extreme variance in context lengths. This data heterogeneity, amplified by conventional packing strategies and asymmetric forward-backward costs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuliang Liu , Guohao Wu , Shenglong Zhang , Wei Zhang , Qianchao Zhu , Zhouyang Li , Chenyu Wang

Scaling long-context capabilities is crucial for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, real-world multimodal datasets are extremely heterogeneous. Existing training frameworks predominantly rely on static parallelism…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yifan Niu , Han Xiao , Dongyi Liu , Wei Zhou , Jia Li

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a challenging subtask of multi-label classification due to its complex label hierarchy. Recently, the pretrained language models (PLM)have been widely adopted in HTC through a fine-tuning paradigm.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zihan Wang , Peiyi Wang , Tianyu Liu , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Zhifang Sui , Houfeng Wang

While Large Language Models (LLM) enable non-experts to specify open-world multi-robot tasks, the generated plans often lack kinematic feasibility and are not efficient, especially in long-horizon scenarios. Formal methods like Linear…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shuyuan Hu , Tao Lin , Kai Ye , Yang Yang , Tianwei Zhang

Training deep learning models with limited labelled data is an attractive scenario for many NLP tasks, including document classification. While with the recent emergence of BERT, deep learning language models can achieve reasonably good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Jinghui Lu , Maeve Henchion , Ivan Bacher , Brian Mac Namee

Recent advancements have significantly enhanced the performance of large language models (LLMs) in tackling complex reasoning tasks, achieving notable success in domains like mathematical and logical reasoning. However, these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Runquan Gui , Zhihai Wang , Jie Wang , Chi Ma , Huiling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Jianye Hao , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen , Feng Wu

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) are fostering their integration into several reasoning-related fields, including Automated Planning (AP). However, their integration into Hierarchical Planning (HP), a subfield of AP that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Israel Puerta-Merino , Carlos Núñez-Molina , Pablo Mesejo , Juan Fernández-Olivares

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) necessitate extensive computational resources, prompting the use of diverse hardware accelerators from multiple vendors. However, traditional distributed training frameworks struggle to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ding Tang , Jiecheng Zhou , Jiakai Hu , Shengwei Li , Huihuang Zheng , Zhilin Pei , Hui Wang , Xingcheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) as autonomous agents are increasingly tasked with solving complex, long-horizon problems. Aligning these agents via preference-based offline methods like Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Heyang Gao , Zexu Sun , Erxue Min , Hengyi Cai , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Xu Chen

In this work, we present WLB-LLM, a workLoad-balanced 4D parallelism for large language model training. We first thoroughly analyze the workload imbalance issue in LLM training and identify two primary sources of imbalance at the pipeline…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zheng Wang , Anna Cai , Xinfeng Xie , Zaifeng Pan , Yue Guan , Weiwei Chu , Jie Wang , Shikai Li , Jianyu Huang , Chris Cai , Yuchen Hao , Yufei Ding

While sparse attention mitigates the computational bottleneck of long-context LLM training, its distributed training process exhibits extreme heterogeneity in both \textit{1)} sequence length and \textit{2)} sparsity sensitivity, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Hongtao Xu , Jianchao Tan , Yuxuan Hu , Pengju Lu , Hongyu Wang , Pingwei Sun , Yerui Sun , Yuchen Xie , Xunliang Cai , Mingzhen Li , Weile Jia

Real-time multi-robot coordination in hazardous and adversarial environments requires fast, reliable adaptation to dynamic threats. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong high-level reasoning capabilities, the lack of safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yuwei Wu , Yuezhan Tao , Peihan Li , Guangyao Shi , Gaurav S. Sukhatme , Vijay Kumar , Lifeng Zhou

Training large language models (LLMs) with increasingly long and varying sequence lengths introduces severe load imbalance challenges in large-scale data-parallel training. Recent frameworks attempt to mitigate these issues through data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chang Chen , Tiancheng Chen , Jiangfei Duan , Qianchao Zhu , Zerui Wang , Qinghao Hu , Peng Sun , Xiuhong Li , Chao Yang , Torsten Hoefler

Long-context training of large language models (LLMs) is commonly distributed with Context Parallelism (CP) and Head Parallelism (HP), but existing training systems largely assume homogeneous GPU meshes. This paper extends CP and HP to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yan Liang , Youhe Jiang , Ran Yan , Binhang Yuan , Wei Wang , Chuan Wu

Deep Learning (DL) methods show very good performance when trained on large, balanced data sets. However, many practical problems involve imbalanced data sets, or/and classes with a small number of training samples. The performance of DL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Dolev Raviv , Margarita Osadchy

Effective training of today's large language models (LLMs) depends on large batches and long sequences for throughput and accuracy. To handle variable-length sequences on hardware accelerators, it is common practice to introduce padding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Mario Michael Krell , Matej Kosec , Sergio P. Perez , Andrew Fitzgibbon

Prompt learning has become a prevalent strategy for adapting vision-language foundation models (VLMs) such as CLIP to downstream tasks. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), recent studies have explored the potential of using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , De Cheng , Wenli Sun , Dongsheng Li , Cairong Zhao
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