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Artificial General Intelligence is a field of research aiming to distill the principles of intelligence that operate independently of a specific problem domain or a predefined context and utilize these principles in order to synthesize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-15 David Weinbaum , Viktoras Veitas

AI (super) alignment describes the challenge of ensuring (future) AI systems behave in accordance with societal norms and goals. While a quickly evolving literature is addressing biases and inequalities, the geographic variability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Krzysztof Janowicz , Zilong Liu , Gengchen Mai , Zhangyu Wang , Ivan Majic , Alexandra Fortacz , Grant McKenzie , Song Gao

Success in the quest for artificial intelligence has the potential to bring unprecedented benefits to humanity, and it is therefore worthwhile to investigate how to maximize these benefits while avoiding potential pitfalls. This article…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Stuart Russell , Daniel Dewey , Max Tegmark

Large artificial intelligence (AI) models have garnered significant attention for their remarkable, often "superhuman", performance on standardized benchmarks. However, when these models are deployed in high-stakes verticals such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Gaurav Verma , Jiawei Zhou , Mohit Chandra , Srijan Kumar , Munmun De Choudhury

The staggering feats of AI systems have brought to attention the topic of AI Alignment: aligning a "superintelligent" AI agent's actions with humanity's interests. Many existing frameworks/algorithms in alignment study the problem on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Hong Jun Jeon , Benjamin Van Roy

Artificial and biological systems may evolve similar computational solutions despite fundamental differences in architecture and learning mechanisms -- a form of convergent evolution. We demonstrate this phenomenon through large-scale…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-04 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Yiting Dong , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Superalignment, where humans act as weak supervisors for superhuman models, has become a crucial problem with the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs). Recent work has preliminarily studied this problem by using weak models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Wenkai Yang , Shiqi Shen , Guangyao Shen , Wei Yao , Yong Liu , Zhi Gong , Yankai Lin , Ji-Rong Wen

Solutions relying on artificial intelligence are devised to predict data patterns and answer questions that are clearly defined, involve an enumerable set of solutions, clear rules, and inherently binary decision mechanisms. Yet, as they…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Niya Stoimenova , Rebecca Price

The inner alignment problem, which asserts whether an arbitrary artificial intelligence (AI) model satisfices a non-trivial alignment function of its outputs given its inputs, is undecidable. This is rigorously proved by Rice's theorem,…

Due to the remarkable capabilities and growing impact of large language models (LLMs), they have been deeply integrated into many aspects of society. Thus, ensuring their alignment with human values and intentions has emerged as a critical…

Common methods for aligning already-capable models with desired behavior rely on the ability of humans to provide supervision. However, future superhuman models will surpass the capability of humans. Therefore, humans will only be able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Hao Lang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Recent advances in artificial general intelligence (AGI), particularly large language models and creative image generation systems have demonstrated impressive capabilities on diverse tasks spanning the arts and humanities. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zhengliang Liu , Yiwei Li , Qian Cao , Junwen Chen , Tianze Yang , Zihao Wu , John Hale , John Gibbs , Khaled Rasheed , Ninghao Liu , Gengchen Mai , Tianming Liu

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) raises a wide array of ethical and societal concerns. Accordingly, an appropriate policy approach is needed today. While there has been a wave of scholarship in this field, the research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Charlotte Stix , Matthijs M. Maas

The rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) based systems is already offering substantial benefits to the society as a whole. However, these systems may also enclose potential conflicts and unintended consequences. Notably, people will tend…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Pedro Fernandes , Francisco C. Santos , Manuel Lopes

Human Intelligence (HI) excels at combining basic skills to solve complex tasks. This capability is vital for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and should be embedded in comprehensive AI Agents, enabling them to harness expert models for complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Yingqiang Ge , Wenyue Hua , Kai Mei , Jianchao Ji , Juntao Tan , Shuyuan Xu , Zelong Li , Yongfeng Zhang

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems approach and surpass expert human performance across a broad range of tasks, obtaining high-quality human supervision for evaluation and training becomes increasingly challenging. Our focus is on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ren Yin , Takashi Ishida , Masashi Sugiyama

Major AI ethics guidelines and laws, including the EU AI Act, call for effective human oversight, but do not define it as a distinct and developable capacity. This paper introduces human oversight as a well-being capacity, situated within…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yao Xie , Walter Cullen

Generative Artificial Intelligence constitutes a new wave of automation. There is broad agreement among economists that humanity is potentially entering into a period of profound change. However, significant uncertainties and disagreements…

General Economics · Economics 2024-08-27 Caleb Peppiatt

Machine learning models are increasingly integrated into societally critical applications such as recidivism prediction and medical diagnosis, thanks to their superior predictive power. In these applications, however, full automation is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Vivian Lai , Samuel Carton , Chenhao Tan

Creative and disruptive insights (CDIs), such as the development of the theory of relativity, have punctuated human history, marking pivotal shifts in our intellectual trajectory. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 David Benrimoh , Nace Mikus , Ariel Rosenfeld
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