English
Related papers

Related papers: Mixture of Experts Made Intrinsically Interpretabl…

200 papers

Traditional multi-task learning (MTL) methods use dense networks that use the same set of shared weights across several different tasks. This often creates interference where two or more tasks compete to pull model parameters in different…

We present Marco-MoE, a suite of fully open multilingual sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models. Marco-MoE features a highly sparse design in which only around 5\% of the total parameters are activated per input token. This extreme…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Fan Jiang , Yu Zhao , Chenyang Lyu , Tianqi Shi , Yichao Du , Feihu Jiang , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture in large language models, highlighting its ability to significantly enhance model performance while maintaining minimal computational overhead. Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Danyang Zhang , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Yingfang Yuan , Tianyang Wang , Joe Yeong , Junfeng Hao

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has been a successful approach for scaling multilingual translation models to billions of parameters without a proportional increase in training computation. However, MoE models are prohibitively large and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Sneha Kudugunta , Yanping Huang , Ankur Bapna , Maxim Krikun , Dmitry Lepikhin , Minh-Thang Luong , Orhan Firat

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models based on Transformer architecture are pushing the boundaries of language and vision tasks. The allure of these models lies in their ability to substantially increase the parameter count without a…

In this work, we first explore whether the parameters activated by the MoE layer remain highly sparse at inference. We perform a sparsification study on several representative MoE models. For each expert, we rank parameters by the magnitude…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Runxi Cheng , Yuchen Guan , Yucheng Ding , Qingguo Hu , Yongxian Wei , Chun Yuan , Yelong Shen , Weizhu Chen , Yeyun Gong

Recently, Mixture of Experts (MoE) based Transformer has shown promising results in many domains. This is largely due to the following advantages of this architecture: firstly, MoE based Transformer can increase model capacity without…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Zhao You , Shulin Feng , Dan Su , Dong Yu

Sparse mixture-of-experts (MoE) layers have been shown to substantially increase model capacity without a proportional increase in computational cost and are widely used in transformer architectures, where they typically replace…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Svetlana Pavlitska , Haixi Fan , Konstantin Ditschuneit , J. Marius Zöllner

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have become a key approach for scaling large language models efficiently by activating only a subset of experts during training and inference. Typically, the number of activated experts presents a trade-off:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Yifei He , Yang Liu , Chen Liang , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) represents an ensemble methodology that amalgamates predictions from several specialized sub-models (referred to as experts). This fusion is accomplished through a router mechanism, dynamically assigning weights to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Jinze Zhao , Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

The Sparsely-Activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has gained increasing popularity for scaling up large language models (LLMs) without exploding computational costs. Despite its success, the current design faces a challenge where all experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Manxi Sun , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Pengzhi Gao , Bin Wang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a promising way to scale up the learning capacity of large language models. It increases the number of parameters while keeping FLOPs nearly constant during inference through sparse activation. Yet, it still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Pingzhi Li , Xiaolong Jin , Zhen Tan , Yu Cheng , Tianlong Chen

Mixture of Experts (MoE) offers remarkable performance and computational efficiency by selectively activating subsets of model parameters. Traditionally, MoE models use homogeneous experts, each with identical capacity. However, varying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 An Wang , Xingwu Sun , Ruobing Xie , Shuaipeng Li , Jiaqi Zhu , Zhen Yang , Pinxue Zhao , J. N. Han , Zhanhui Kang , Di Wang , Naoaki Okazaki , Cheng-zhong Xu

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) allows scaling of language and vision models efficiently by activating only a small subset of experts per input. While this reduces computation, the large number of parameters still incurs substantial memory…

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models have become central to scaling large language models, yet their mechanistic differences from dense networks remain poorly understood. Previous work has explored how dense models use \textit{superposition} to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Marmik Chaudhari , Jeremi Nuer , Rome Thorstenson

The sparse Mixture of Experts(MoE) architecture has evolved as a powerful approach for scaling deep learning models to more parameters with comparable computation cost. As an important branch of large language model(LLM), MoE model only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Dong Pan , Bingtao Li , Yongsheng Zheng , Jiren Ma , Victor Fei

In human-centric settings like education or healthcare, model accuracy and model explainability are key factors for user adoption. Towards these two goals, intrinsically interpretable deep learning models have gained popularity, focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Vinitra Swamy , Syrielle Montariol , Julian Blackwell , Jibril Frej , Martin Jaggi , Tanja Käser

Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) large language models (LLMs) are gradually becoming the mainstream approach for ultra-large-scale models. Existing optimization efforts for MoE models have focused primarily on coarse-grained MoE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Haoqi Yang , Luohe Shi , Qiwei Li , Zuchao Li , Ping Wang , Bo Du , Mengjia Shen , Hai Zhao

Sparse Mixtures of Experts (SMoE) scales model capacity without significant increases in training and inference costs, but exhibits the following two issues: (1) Low expert activation, where only a small subset of experts are activated for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Furu Wei

Large language models, such as OpenAI's ChatGPT, have demonstrated exceptional language understanding capabilities in various NLP tasks. Sparsely activated mixture-of-experts (MoE) has emerged as a promising solution for scaling models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jiamin Li , Qiang Su , Yitao Yang , Yimin Jiang , Cong Wang , Hong Xu