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Language models (LMs) can perform complex reasoning either end-to-end, with hidden latent state, or compositionally, with transparent intermediate state. Composition offers benefits for interpretability and safety, but may need workflow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Justin Reppert , Ben Rachbach , Charlie George , Luke Stebbing , Jungwon Byun , Maggie Appleton , Andreas Stuhlmüller

Large Language Models (LLMs) demand significant computational resources, making it essential to enhance their capabilities without retraining from scratch. A key challenge in this domain is \textit{catastrophic forgetting} (CF), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Haichao Wei , Yunxiang Ren , Zhoutong Fu , Aman Lunia , Yi-Lin Chen , Alice Leung , Ya Xu

In recent years, end-to-end Large Language Model (LLM) technology has shown substantial advantages across various domains. As critical system software and infrastructure, compilers are responsible for transforming source code into target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hongbin Zhang , Shihao Gao , Yang Liu , Mingjie Xing , Yanjun Wu , Chen Zhao

The goal of decompilation is to convert compiled low-level code (e.g., assembly code) back into high-level programming languages, enabling analysis in scenarios where source code is unavailable. This task supports various reverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yunlong Feng , Bohan Li , Xiaoming Shi , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate data analysis through executable code generation. Yet, data science tasks often admit multiple statistically valid solutions, e.g. different modeling strategies, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Qiuhai Zeng , Claire Jin , Xinyue Wang , Yuhan Zheng , Qunhua Li

Compilers are complex, and significant effort has been expended on testing them. Techniques such as random program generation and differential testing have proved highly effective and have uncovered thousands of bugs in production…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Davide Italiano , Chris Cummins

Practical guidance on training Large Language Models (LLMs) to leverage Code Interpreter across diverse tasks remains lacking. We present R1-Code-Interpreter, an extension of a text-only LLM trained via multi-turn supervised fine-tuning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yongchao Chen , Yueying Liu , Junwei Zhou , Yilun Hao , Jingquan Wang , Yang Zhang , Na Li , Chuchu Fan

Automated program verification has always been an important component of building trustworthy software. While the analysis of real-world programs remains a theoretical challenge, the automation of loop invariant analysis has effectively…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Ruibang Liu , Minyu Chen , Ling-I Wu , Jingyu Ke , Guoqiang Li

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has greatly facilitated code generation, but ensuring the functional correctness of generated code remains a challenge. Traditional validation methods are often time-consuming, error-prone, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Pooja Aggarwal , Oishik Chatterjee , Ting Dai , Prateeti Mohapatra , Brent Paulovicks , Brad Blancett , Arthur De Magalhaes

Traditional code instruction data synthesis methods suffer from limited diversity and poor logic. We introduce Infinite-Instruct, an automated framework for synthesizing high-quality question-answer pairs, designed to enhance the code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Wenjing Xing , Wenke Lu , Yeheng Duan , Bing Zhao , Zhenghui kang , Yaolong Wang , Kai Gao , Lei Qiao

Decompilers are useful tools used in reverse engineering to understand compiled source code. Reconstructing source code from compiled binaries is a challenging task, because high-level syntax, identifiers, and custom data types are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Alexander Shypula , Osbert Bastani , Edward Schwartz

Researchers have made significant progress in automating the software development process in the past decades. Recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly impacted the development process, where developers can use…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yuntong Zhang , Haifeng Ruan , Zhiyu Fan , Abhik Roychoudhury

Reverse engineering (RE) of x86 binaries is indispensable for malware and firmware analysis, but remains slow due to stripped metadata and adversarial obfuscation. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential for improving RE efficiency…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Darrin Lea , James Ghawaly , Golden Richard , Aisha Ali-Gombe , Andrew Case

Security of software supply chains is necessary to ensure that software updates do not contain maliciously injected code or introduce vulnerabilities that may compromise the integrity of critical infrastructure. Verifying the integrity of…

Recognizing vulnerabilities in stripped binary files presents a significant challenge in software security. Although some progress has been made in generating human-readable information from decompiled binary files with Large Language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nasir Hussain , Haohan Chen , Chanh Tran , Philip Huang , Zhuohao Li , Pravir Chugh , William Chen , Ashish Kundu , Yuan Tian

This research addresses the time-consuming and error-prone nature of manual code compliance checking in Building Information Modeling (BIM) by introducing a Large Language Model (LLM)-driven approach to semi-automate this critical process.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Soumya Madireddy , Lu Gao , Zia Din , Kinam Kim , Ahmed Senouci , Zhe Han , Yunpeng Zhang

GitHub workflows or GitHub CI is a popular continuous integration platform that enables developers to automate various software engineering tasks by specifying them as workflows, i.e., YAML files with a list of jobs. However, engineering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Xinyu Zhang , Siddharth Muralee , Sourag Cherupattamoolayil , Aravind Machiry

Intermediate Representations (IRs) play a critical role in compiler design and program analysis, yet their comprehension by Large Language Models (LLMs) remains underexplored. In this paper, we present an explorative empirical study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Hailong Jiang , Jianfeng Zhu , Yao Wan , Bo Fang , Hongyu Zhang , Ruoming Jin , Qiang Guan

Context: Traditional software security analysis methods struggle to keep pace with the scale and complexity of modern codebases, requiring intelligent automation to detect, assess, and remediate vulnerabilities more efficiently and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Shaznin Sultana , Sadia Afreen , Nasir U. Eisty

As software projects progress, quality of code assumes paramount importance as it affects reliability, maintainability and security of software. For this reason, static analysis tools are used in developer workflows to flag code quality…