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Neural networks can be trained to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by using the PDE residual as the loss function. This strategy is called "physics-informed neural networks" (PINNs), but it currently cannot produce high-accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Qi Zeng , Yash Kothari , Spencer H. Bryngelson , Florian Schäfer

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a generic technique to model various NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems in the form of binary variables. The Hamiltonian function is often used to formulate QUBO problems where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Redwan Ahmed Rizvee , Md. Mosaddek Khan

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a data-driven solver for partial and ordinary differential equations(ODEs/PDEs). It provides a unified framework to address both forward and inverse problems. However, the complexity of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Abdul Hannan Mustajab , Hao Lyu , Zarghaam Rizvi , Frank Wuttke

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been widely used to develop neural surrogates for solutions of Partial Differential Equations. A drawback of PINNs is that they have to be retrained with every change in initial-boundary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Ritam Majumdar , Vishal Jadhav , Anirudh Deodhar , Shirish Karande , Lovekesh Vig , Venkataramana Runkana

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) were recently proposed in [1] as an alternative way to solve partial differential equations (PDEs). A neural network (NN) represents the solution while a PDE-induced NN is coupled to the solution NN,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Xiaoli Chen , Jinqiao Duan , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) has proven itself a powerful tool to obtain the numerical solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) leveraging the expressivity of deep neural networks and the computing power of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-12 Yanlai Chen , Shawn Koohy

Neural operator architectures employ neural networks to approximate operators mapping between Banach spaces of functions; they may be used to accelerate model evaluations via emulation, or to discover models from data. Consequently, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Samuel Lanthaler , Andrew M. Stuart

The curse-of-dimensionality taxes computational resources heavily with exponentially increasing computational cost as the dimension increases. This poses great challenges in solving high-dimensional PDEs, as Richard E. Bellman first pointed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Zheyuan Hu , Khemraj Shukla , George Em Karniadakis , Kenji Kawaguchi

Neuro-symbolic approaches to artificial intelligence, which combine neural networks with classical symbolic techniques, are growing in prominence, necessitating formal approaches to reason about their correctness. We propose a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Rui Yan , Gabriel Santos , Gethin Norman , David Parker , Marta Kwiatkowska

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been demonstrated to be efficient in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) from a variety of experimental perspectives. Some recent studies have also proposed PINN algorithms for PDEs on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Guanhang Lei , Zhen Lei , Lei Shi , Chenyu Zeng , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) provide a learning-based framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by embedding governing physical laws into neural network training. In practice, however, their performance is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Pancheng Niu , Jun Guo , Qiaolin He , Yongming Chen , Yanchao Shi

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [4, 10] are an approach for solving boundary value problems based on differential equations (PDEs). The key idea of PINNs is to use a neural network to approximate the solution to the PDE and to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-23 Victorita Dolean , Alexander Heinlein , Siddhartha Mishra , Ben Moseley

Finding a high-quality feasible solution to a combinatorial optimization (CO) problem in a limited time is challenging due to its discrete nature. Recently, there has been an increasing number of machine learning (ML) methods for addressing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-02 Taehyun Yoon , Jinwon Choi , Hyokun Yun , Sungbin Lim

Initial boundary value problems arise commonly in applications with engineering and natural systems governed by nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Operator learning is an emerging field for solving these equations by using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sumanth Kumar Boya , Deepak Subramani

Since deep neural networks were developed, they have made huge contributions to everyday lives. Machine learning provides more rational advice than humans are capable of in almost every aspect of daily life. However, despite this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Tong Yu , Hong Zhu

We study multi-agent general-sum Markov games with nonlinear function approximation. We focus on low-rank Markov games whose transition matrix admits a hidden low-rank structure on top of an unknown non-linear representation. The goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Chengzhuo Ni , Yuda Song , Xuezhou Zhang , Chi Jin , Mengdi Wang

Designing universal artificial intelligence (AI) solver for partial differential equations (PDEs) is an open-ended problem and a significant challenge in science and engineering. Currently, data-driven solvers have achieved great success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Qinglong Ma , Peizhi Zhao , Sen Wang , Tao Song

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across a variety of traditional machine learning tasks, e.g., speech recognition, image classification, and segmentation. The ability of DNNs to efficiently approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Elizabeth Newman , Lars Ruthotto , Joseph Hart , Bart van Bloemen Waanders

Neural operators (NOs) are a class of deep learning models designed to simultaneously solve infinitely many related problems by casting them into an infinite-dimensional space, whereon these NOs operate. A significant gap remains between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Anastasis Kratsios , Ariel Neufeld , Philipp Schmocker

Thanks to their universal approximation properties and new efficient training strategies, Deep Neural Networks are becoming a valuable tool for the approximation of mathematical operators. In the present work, we introduce Mesh-Informed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-08 Nicola Rares Franco , Andrea Manzoni , Paolo Zunino