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Active learning (AL) combines data labeling and model training to minimize the labeling cost by prioritizing the selection of high value data that can best improve model performance. In pool-based active learning, accessible unlabeled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Mingfei Gao , Zizhao Zhang , Guo Yu , Sercan O. Arik , Larry S. Davis , Tomas Pfister

In this paper, we introduce the FOCAL (Ford-OLIVES Collaboration on Active Learning) dataset which enables the study of the impact of annotation-cost within a video active learning setting. Annotation-cost refers to the time it takes an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Kiran Kokilepersaud , Yash-Yee Logan , Ryan Benkert , Chen Zhou , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib , Enrique Corona , Kunjan Singh , Mostafa Parchami

Active learning generally involves querying the most representative samples for human labeling, which has been widely studied in many fields such as image classification and object detection. However, its potential has not been explored in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Jun Wang , Shaoguo Wen , Kaixing Chen , Jianghua Yu , Xin Zhou , Peng Gao , Changsheng Li , Guotong Xie

In the era of data-driven intelligence, the paradox of data abundance and annotation scarcity has emerged as a critical bottleneck in the advancement of machine learning. This paper gives a detailed overview of Active Learning (AL), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Chiung-Yi Tseng , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Tianyang Wang , Chia Xin Liang , Xinyuan Song , Ming Liu

Active learning aims to train a classifier as fast as possible with as few labels as possible. The core element in virtually any active learning strategy is the criterion that measures the usefulness of the unlabeled data based on which new…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-13 Yazhou Yang , Marco Loog

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have proven to be state-of-the-art models for supervised computer vision tasks, such as image classification. However, large labeled data sets are generally needed for the training and validation of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Patrick Hemmer , Niklas Kühl , Jakob Schöffer

Annotating data for supervised learning can be costly. When the annotation budget is limited, active learning can be used to select and annotate those observations that are likely to give the most gain in model performance. We propose an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-19 Amanda Olmin , Jakob Lindqvist , Lennart Svensson , Fredrik Lindsten

Active learning (AL) is an effective approach to select the most informative samples to label so as to reduce the annotation cost. Existing AL methods typically work under the closed-set assumption, i.e., all classes existing in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Linhao Qu , Yingfan Ma , Zhiwei Yang , Manning Wang , Zhijian Song

Majorly classical Active Learning (AL) approach usually uses statistical theory such as entropy and margin to measure instance utility, however it fails to capture the data distribution information contained in the unlabeled data. This can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Patrick K. Gikunda , Nicolas Jouandeau

Active learning (AL) strategies aim to train high-performance models with minimal labeling efforts, only selecting the most informative instances for annotation. Current approaches to evaluating data informativeness predominantly focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhixuan Liang , Xingyu Zeng , Rui Zhao , Ping Luo

Active learning (AL) uses a data selection algorithm to select useful training samples to minimize annotation cost. This is now an essential tool for building low-resource syntactic analyzers such as part-of-speech (POS) taggers. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Aditi Chaudhary , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Zaid Sheikh , Graham Neubig

AI systems in high-consequence domains such as defense, intelligence, and disaster response must detect rare, high-impact events while operating under tight resource constraints. Traditional annotation strategies that prioritize label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Dave Cook , Tim Klawa

The expensive annotation cost is notoriously known as the main constraint for the development of the point cloud semantic segmentation technique. Active learning methods endeavor to reduce such cost by selecting and labeling only a subset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Feifei Shao , Yawei Luo , Ping Liu , Jie Chen , Yi Yang , Yulei Lu , Jun Xiao

Active learning, a powerful paradigm in machine learning, aims at reducing labeling costs by selecting the most informative samples from an unlabeled dataset. However, the traditional active learning process often demands extensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Gábor Németh , Tamás Matuszka

Active Learning (AL) has gained prominence in integrating data-intensive machine learning (ML) models into domains with limited labeled data. However, its effectiveness diminishes significantly when the labeling budget is low. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Zhuokai Zhao , Yibo Jiang , Yuxin Chen

Exfiltration of data via email is a serious cybersecurity threat for many organizations. Detecting data exfiltration (anomaly) patterns typically requires labeling, most often done by a human annotator, to reduce the high number of false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Jaturong Kongmanee , Mark Chignell , Khilan Jerath , Abhay Raman

Active learning(AL) has recently gained popularity for deep learning(DL) models. This is due to efficient and informative sampling, especially when the learner requires large-scale labelled datasets. Commonly, the sampling and training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Razvan Caramalau , Binod Bhattarai , Danail Stoyanov , Tae-Kyun Kim

Continual learning (or class incremental learning) is a realistic learning scenario for computer vision systems, where deep neural networks are trained on episodic data, and the data from previous episodes are generally inaccessible to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aditya R. Bhattacharya , Debanjan Goswami , Shayok Chakraborty

Data collection and annotation is a laborious, time-consuming prerequisite for supervised machine learning tasks. Online Active Learning (OAL) is a paradigm that addresses this issue by simultaneously minimizing the amount of annotation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-29 Mark Lindsey , Ankit Shah , Francis Kubala , Richard M. Stern

Active learning (AL) attempts to maximize the performance gain of the model by marking the fewest samples. Deep learning (DL) is greedy for data and requires a large amount of data supply to optimize massive parameters, so that the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Pengzhen Ren , Yun Xiao , Xiaojun Chang , Po-Yao Huang , Zhihui Li , Brij B. Gupta , Xiaojiang Chen , Xin Wang