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AI accelerator processing capabilities and memory constraints largely dictate the scale in which machine learning workloads (e.g., training and inference) can be executed within a desirable time frame. Training a state of the art,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Michael Benington , Leo Phan , Chris Pierre Paul , Evan Shoemaker , Priyanka Ranade , Torstein Collett , Grant Hodgson Perez , Christopher Krieger

Major challenges in LLMs inference remain frequent memory bandwidth bottlenecks, computational redundancy, and inefficiencies in long-sequence processing. To address these issues, we propose LLM-CoOpt, a comprehensive algorithmhardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jie Kong , Wei Wang , Jiehan Zhou , Chen Yu

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

Recently, sequential recommendation has been adapted to the LLM paradigm to enjoy the power of LLMs. LLM-based methods usually formulate recommendation information into natural language and the model is trained to predict the next item in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Hanbing Wang , Xiaorui Liu , Wenqi Fan , Xiangyu Zhao , Venkataramana Kini , Devendra Yadav , Fei Wang , Zhen Wen , Jiliang Tang , Hui Liu

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) deliver strong performance but require inherently sequential decoding, leading to high inference latency and poor GPU utilization. Speculative decoding mitigates this bottleneck by using a fast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jian Chen , Yesheng Liang , Zhijian Liu

The emergence of long-context large language models (LLMs) offers a promising alternative to traditional retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for processing extensive documents. However, the computational overhead of long-context inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Guanzheng Chen , Qilong Feng , Jinjie Ni , Xin Li , Michael Qizhe Shieh

Query optimization is essential for efficient SQL query execution in DBMS, and remains attractive over time due to the growth of data volumes and advances in hardware. Existing traditional optimizers struggle with the cumbersome hand-tuning…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Suchen Liu , Jun Gao , Yinjun Han , Yang Lin

Modern deployment of large language models (LLMs) frequently involves both inference serving and continuous retraining to stay aligned with evolving data and user feedback. Common practices separate these workloads onto distinct servers in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yufei Li , Zexin Li , Yinglun Zhu , Cong Liu

Nowadays, many companies possess various types of AI accelerators, forming heterogeneous clusters. Efficiently leveraging these clusters for high-throughput large language model (LLM) inference services can significantly reduce costs and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yi Xiong , Jinqi Huang , Wenjie Huang , Xuebing Yu , Entong Li , Zhixiong Ning , Jinhua Zhou , Li Zeng , Xin Chen

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has provided unprecedented capabilities for analyzing unstructured text data. However, deploying these models as reliable, robust, and scalable classifiers in production environments presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Doohee You , Andy Parisi , Zach Vander Velden , Lara Dantas Inojosa

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse applications, yet their deployment remains challenging due to substantial computational costs, memory requirements, and energy consumption. Recent empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kaito Tanaka , Masato Ito , Yuji Nishimura , Keisuke Matsuda , Aya Nakayama

Fine-tuning is the process of adapting the pre-trained large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks. Due to substantial parameters, fine-tuning LLMs on mobile devices demands considerable memory resources, and suffers from high…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Songge Zhang , Guoliang Cheng , Xinyu Huang , Zuguang Li , Wen Wu , Lingyang Song , Xuemin Shen

Inference-time scaling trades efficiency for increased reasoning accuracy by generating longer or more parallel sequences. However, in Transformer LLMs, generation cost is bottlenecked by the size of the key-value (KV) cache, rather than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Adrian Łańcucki , Konrad Staniszewski , Piotr Nawrot , Edoardo M. Ponti

This paper presents a modular approach to accelerate inference in large language models (LLMs) by adding early exit heads at intermediate transformer layers. Each head is trained in a self-supervised manner to mimic the main model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Florian Valade

The computational difficulties of large language model (LLM) inference remain a significant obstacle to their widespread deployment. The need for many applications to support long input sequences and process them in large batches typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Luka Ribar , Ivan Chelombiev , Luke Hudlass-Galley , Charlie Blake , Carlo Luschi , Douglas Orr

Dramatic increases in the capabilities of neural network models in recent years are driven by scaling model size, training data, and corresponding computational resources. To develop the exceedingly large networks required in modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jared Fernandez , Luca Wehrstedt , Leonid Shamis , Mostafa Elhoushi , Kalyan Saladi , Yonatan Bisk , Emma Strubell , Jacob Kahn

Large language models (LLMs) can solve challenging tasks. However, their inference computation on modern GPUs is highly inefficient due to the increasing number of tokens they must attend to as they generate new ones. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Tian Jin , Wanzin Yazar , Zifei Xu , Sayeh Sharify , Xin Wang

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been a driving force in transforming various domains, reshaping the artificial general intelligence landscape. However, the increasing computational and memory demands of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Tianyu Ding , Tianyi Chen , Haidong Zhu , Jiachen Jiang , Yiqi Zhong , Jinxin Zhou , Guangzhi Wang , Zhihui Zhu , Ilya Zharkov , Luming Liang

The training paradigm integrating large language models (LLM) is gradually reshaping sequential recommender systems (SRS) and has shown promising results. However, most existing LLM-enhanced methods rely on rich textual information on the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Dugang Liu , Shenxian Xian , Xiaolin Lin , Xiaolian Zhang , Hong Zhu , Yuan Fang , Zhen Chen , Zhong Ming

The past few years have witnessed a growing interest in LLM-based recommender systems (RSs), although their industrial deployment remains in a preliminary stage. Most existing deployments leverage LLMs offline as feature enhancers,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Yunjia Xi , Hangyu Wang , Bo Chen , Jianghao Lin , Menghui Zhu , Weiwen Liu , Ruiming Tang , Zhewei Wei , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu
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