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Continual learning aims to alleviate catastrophic forgetting when handling consecutive tasks under non-stationary distributions. Gradient-based meta-learning algorithms have shown the capability to implicitly solve the transfer-interference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Xiaohan Zou , Tong Lin

Machine unlearning is a process to remove specific data points from a trained model while maintaining the performance on the retain data, addressing privacy or legal requirements. Despite its importance, existing unlearning evaluations tend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yongwoo Kim , Sungmin Cha , Donghyun Kim

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements, drawing significant attention from the research community. Their capabilities are largely attributed to large-scale architectures, which require extensive…

Our goal is to understand how post-training methods, such as fine-tuning, alignment, and unlearning, modify language model behavior and representations. We are particularly interested in the brittle nature of these modifications that makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy Qian , Vinith Suriyakumar , Ashia Wilson , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

State-of-the-art generative models exhibit powerful image-generation capabilities, introducing various ethical and legal challenges to service providers hosting these models. Consequently, Content Removal Techniques (CRTs) have emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Piyush Nagasubramaniam , Neeraj Karamchandani , Chen Wu , Sencun Zhu

Machine unlearning, the process of selectively removing data from trained models, is increasingly crucial for addressing privacy concerns and knowledge gaps post-deployment. Despite this importance, existing approaches are often heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Youssef Allouah , Joshua Kazdan , Rachid Guerraoui , Sanmi Koyejo

Learning algorithms and data are the driving forces for machine learning to bring about tremendous transformation of industrial intelligence. However, individuals' right to retract their personal data and relevant data privacy regulations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Junde Li , Swaroop Ghosh

Machine Unlearning allows participants to remove their data from a trained machine learning model in order to preserve their privacy, and security. However, the machine unlearning literature for generative models is rather limited. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Ayush K. Varshney , Vicenç Torra

Human beings can quickly adapt to environmental changes by leveraging learning experience. However, adapting deep neural networks to dynamic environments by machine learning algorithms remains a challenge. To better understand this issue,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Shixiang Tang , Peng Su , Dapeng Chen , Wanli Ouyang

Machine unlearning as an emerging research topic for data regulations, aims to adjust a trained model to approximate a retrained one that excludes a portion of training data. Previous studies showed that class-wise unlearning is successful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jianing Zhu , Bo Han , Jiangchao Yao , Jianliang Xu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Reinforcement Learning (RL) for training Large Language Models is notoriously unstable. While recent studies attribute this to "training inference mismatch stemming" from inconsistent hybrid engines, standard remedies, such as Importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yaxiang Zhang , Yingru Li , Jiacai Liu , Jiawei Xu , Ziniu Li , Qian Liu , Haoyuan Li

Federated learning is a promising privacy-preserving paradigm for distributed machine learning. In this context, there is sometimes a need for a specialized process called machine unlearning, which is required when the effect of some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have spurred a new research paradigm in natural language processing. Despite their excellent capability in knowledge-based question answering and reasoning, their potential to retain faulty or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Nianwen Si , Hao Zhang , Heyu Chang , Wenlin Zhang , Dan Qu , Weiqiang Zhang

Enabling large language models (LLMs) to unlearn knowledge and capabilities acquired during training has proven vital for ensuring compliance with data regulations and promoting ethical practices in generative AI. Although there are growing…

Deep neural networks have proven remarkably effective at solving many classification problems, but have been criticized recently for two major weaknesses: the reasons behind their predictions are uninterpretable, and the predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Andrew Slavin Ross , Finale Doshi-Velez

Large language models (LLMs) risk retaining unauthorized or sensitive information from their training data, which raises privacy concerns. LLM unlearning seeks to mitigate these risks by selectively removing specified data while maintaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Hwan Chang , Hwanhee Lee

Machine Unlearning (MUL) is crucial for privacy protection and content regulation, yet recent studies reveal that traces of forgotten information persist in unlearned models, enabling adversaries to resurface removed knowledge. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hao Xuan , Xingyu Li

The development of artificial intelligence demands that models incrementally update knowledge by Continual Learning (CL) to adapt to open-world environments. To meet privacy and security requirements, Continual Unlearning (CU) emerges as an…

Large language models may encode sensitive information or outdated knowledge that needs to be removed, to ensure responsible and compliant model responses. Unlearning has emerged as an efficient alternative to full retraining, aiming to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuefeng Peng , Parnian Afshar , Megan Ganji , Thomas Butler , Amir Houmansadr , Mingxian Wang , Dezhi Hong

As Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate extensive capability in learning from documents, LLM unlearning becomes an increasingly important research area to address concerns of LLMs in terms of privacy, copyright, etc. A conventional LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Jiabao Ji , Yujian Liu , Yang Zhang , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Sijia Liu , Shiyu Chang