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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in computer science education for tasks such as tutoring, content generation, and code assessment. However, systematic evaluations aligned with formal curricula and certification…

Large language models are trained to refuse harmful requests, but can they accurately predict when they will refuse before responding? We investigate this question through a systematic study where models first predict their refusal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Tanay Gondil

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various domains. However, for clinical diagnosis, higher expectations are required for LLM's reliability and sensitivity: thinking like physicians and remaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chenwei Yan , Xiangling Fu , Yuxuan Xiong , Tianyi Wang , Siu Cheung Hui , Ji Wu , Xien Liu

We examine whether large language models (LLMs) can predict biased decision-making in conversational settings, and whether their predictions capture not only human cognitive biases but also how those effects change under cognitive load. In…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Stephen Pilli , Vivek Nallur

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as evaluators of reasoning quality, yet their reliability and bias in payments-risk settings remain poorly understood. We introduce a structured multi-evaluator framework for assessing LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Liang Wang , Junpeng Wang , Chin-chia Michael Yeh , Yan Zheng , Jiarui Sun , Xiran Fan , Xin Dai , Yujie Fan , Yiwei Cai

We present a benchmark for assessing the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to discern intercardinal directions between geographic locations and apply it to three prominent LLMs: GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Llama-2. This benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Nir Fulman , Abdulkadir Memduhoğlu , Alexander Zipf

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming widely used to support various workflows across different disciplines, yet their potential in discrete choice modelling remains relatively unexplored. This work examines the potential of LLMs as…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-18 Georges Sfeir , Gabriel Nova , Stephane Hess , Sander van Cranenburgh

Security analysts face increasing pressure to triage large and complex vulnerability backlogs. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a potential aid by automating parts of the interpretation process. We evaluate four models (ChatGPT, Claude,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Osama Al Haddad , Muhammad Ikram , Ejaz Ahmed , Young Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on massive amounts of data, enabling their application across diverse domains and tasks. Despite their remarkable performance, most LLMs are developed and evaluated primarily in English. Recently, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Krishno Dey , Prerona Tarannum , Md. Arid Hasan , Imran Razzak , Usman Naseem

With the incredible advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), many people have started using them to satisfy their information needs. However, utilizing LLMs might be problematic for political issues where disagreement is common and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Salah Feras Alali , Mohammad Nashat Maasfeh , Mucahid Kutlu , Saban Kardas

The spread of fake news, polarizing, politically biased, and harmful content on online platforms has been a serious concern. With large language models becoming a promising approach, however, no study has properly benchmarked their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Michele Joshua Maggini , Dhia Merzougui , Rabiraj Bandyopadhyay , Gaël Dias , Fabrice Maurel , Pablo Gamallo

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently showcased remarkable ability to generate fitting responses to natural language instructions. However, an open research question concerns the inherent biases of trained models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Patrick Haller , Ansar Aynetdinov , Alan Akbik

The growing complexity and diversity of news coverage have made framing analysis a crucial yet challenging task in computational social science. Traditional approaches, including manual annotation and fine-tuned models, remain limited by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Valeria Pastorino , Jasivan A. Sivakumar , Nafise Sadat Moosavi

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the realm of mathematical reasoning necessitates comprehensive evaluations to gauge progress and inspire future directions. Existing assessments predominantly focus on problem-solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Xiaoyuan Li , Wenjie Wang , Moxin Li , Junrong Guo , Yang Zhang , Fuli Feng

With the impressive performance in various downstream tasks, large language models (LLMs) have been widely integrated into production pipelines, like recruitment and recommendation systems. A known issue of models trained on natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Damin Zhang , Yi Zhang , Geetanjali Bihani , Julia Rayz

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning has become a cornerstone of related research, demonstrating the intelligence of these models and enabling potential practical applications through their advanced performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Kathrin Seßler , Yao Rong , Emek Gözlüklü , Enkelejda Kasneci

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly advanced in clinical decision-making, yet the deployment of proprietary systems is hindered by privacy concerns and reliance on cloud-based infrastructure. Open-source alternatives allow local…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Alif Munim , Jun Ma , Omar Ibrahim , Alhusain Abdalla , Shuolin Yin , Leo Chen , Bo Wang

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in civic, educational, and political information environments, concerns about their potential political bias have grown. Prior research often evaluates such bias through simulated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Tai-Quan Peng , Kaiqi Yang , Sanguk Lee , Hang Li , Yucheng Chu , Yuping Lin , Hui Liu

We investigate the presence of cognitive biases in three large language models (LLMs): GPT-4o, Gemma 2, and Llama 3.1. The study uses 1,500 experiments across nine established cognitive biases to evaluate the models' responses and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Payam Saeedi , Mahsa Goodarzi , M Abdullah Canbaz