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We propose an imaging method to enhance and reveal structures within samples by using a polarization-based filter. This filter removes the isotropic content while amplifying the anisotropic component of depolarization. Whereas isotropic…

Accurate assessment of PD-L1 expression is critical for guiding immunotherapy, yet current immunohistochemistry (IHC) based methods are resource-intensive. We present nnUNet-B: a Bayesian segmentation framework that infers PD-L1 expression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Roman Kinakh , Gonzalo R. Ríos-Muñoz , Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia

Computational analysis of multiplexed immunofluorescence histology data is emerging as an important method for understanding the tumour micro-environment in cancer. This work presents HEMIT, a dataset designed for translating Hematoxylin…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-30 Chang Bian , Beth Philips , Tim Cootes , Martin Fergie

The accurate classification of lymphoma subtypes using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissue is complicated by the wide range of morphological features these cancers can exhibit. We present LymphoML - an interpretable machine learning…

Despite the advances in machine learning and digital pathology, it is not yet clear if machine learning methods can accurately predict molecular information merely from histomorphology. In a quest to answer this question, we built a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-07 Amir Akbarnejad , Nilanjan Ray , Penny J. Barnes , Gilbert Bigras

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and accurately distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid tumors is crucial for developing effective treatment plans in clinical practice. Pathologically, thyroid tumors pose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-04 Jia Dong , Yao Yao , Yang Dong , Hui Ma

Deep learning has recently gained popularity in digital pathology due to its high prediction quality. However, the medical domain requires explanation and insight for a better understanding beyond standard quantitative performance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-28 Miriam Hägele , Philipp Seegerer , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Michael Bockmayr , Wojciech Samek , Frederick Klauschen , Klaus-Robert Müller , Alexander Binder

An optical microscopic examination of thinly cut stained tissue on glass slides prepared from a FFPE tissue blocks is the gold standard for tissue diagnostics. In addition, the diagnostic abilities and expertise of any pathologist is…

Histopathological diagnoses of tumors in tissue biopsy after Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining is the gold standard for oncology care. H&E staining is slow and uses dyes, reagents and precious tissue samples that cannot be reused.…

Histopathology is a reflection of the molecular changes and provides prognostic phenotypes representing the disease progression. In this study, we introduced feature scores generated from hematoxylin and eosin histology images based on deep…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-28 Okyaz Eminaga , Mahmood Abbas , Yuri Tolkach , Rosalie Nolley , Christian Kunder , Axel Semjonow , Martin Boegemann

Accurate and fast histological staining is crucial in histopathology, impacting diagnostic precision and reliability. Traditional staining methods are time-consuming and subjective, causing delays in diagnosis. Digital pathology plays a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Marian Boktor , James E. D. Tweel , Benjamin R. Ecclestone , Jennifer Ai Ye , Paul Fieguth , Parsin Haji Reza

Due to recent advances in technology, digitized histopathology images are now widely available for both clinical and research purposes. Accordingly, research into computerized image analysis algorithms for digital histopathology images has…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-01 Alison K. Cheeseman , Hamid R. Tizhoosh , Edward R. Vrscay

Large amounts of digitized histopathological data display a promising future for developing pathological foundation models via self-supervised learning methods. Foundation models pretrained with these methods serve as a good basis for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Shengyi Hua , Fang Yan , Tianle Shen , Lei Ma , Xiaofan Zhang

The interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) dictate therapeutic efficacy of radiation and many systemic therapies in breast cancer. However, to date, there is not a widely available method to reproducibly…

Histological examination is crucial for cancer diagnosis, including hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining for mapping morphology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for revealing chemical information. Recently developed two-color…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-22 Hongli Ni , Chinmayee Prabhu Dessai , Haonan Lin , Wei Wang , Shaoxiong Chen , Yuhao Yuan , Xiaowei Ge , Jianpeng Ao , Nolan Vild , Ji-Xin Cheng

In histopathology, tissue sections are typically stained using common H&E staining or special stains (MAS, PAS, PASM, etc.) to clearly visualize specific tissue structures. The rapid advancement of deep learning offers an effective solution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-23 Zizhi Chen , Xinyu Zhang , Minghao Han , Yizhou Liu , Ziyun Qian , Weifeng Zhang , Xukun Zhang , Jingwei Wei , Lihua Zhang

The field of histology relies heavily on antiquated tissue processing and staining techniques that limit the efficiency of pathologic diagnoses of cancer and other diseases. Current staining and advanced labeling methods are often…

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enables gene expression mapping within anatomical context but remains costly and low-throughput. Hematoxylin and eosin (H\&E) staining offers rich morphology yet lacks molecular resolution. We present…

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) bridges gene expression and tissue morphology but faces clinical adoption barriers due to technical complexity and prohibitive costs. While computational methods predict gene expression from H&E-stained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ziqiao Weng , Yaoyu Fang , Jiahe Qian , Xinkun Wang , Lee AD Cooper , Weidong Cai , Bo Zhou

Cancers are characterized by remarkable heterogeneity and diverse prognosis. Accurate cancer classification is essential for patient stratification and clinical decision-making. Although digital pathology has been advancing cancer diagnosis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Xiaofei Wang , Hanyu Liu , Yupei Zhang , Boyang Zhao , Hao Duan , Wanming Hu , Yonggao Mou , Stephen Price , Chao Li