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The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have presented challenges in evaluating those models. Existing evaluation methods are either reference-based or preference based, which inevitably need human intervention or introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Dan Qiao , Chenfei Wu , Yaobo Liang , Juntao Li , Nan Duan

Large language models (LLMs) can exhibit biases in reasoning capabilities due to linguistic modality, performing better on tasks in one language versus another, even with similar content. Most previous works evaluate this through reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 César Guerra-Solano , Zhuochun Li , Xiang Lorraine Li

As language models master existing reasoning benchmarks, we need new challenges to evaluate their cognitive frontiers. Puzzle-solving events are rich repositories of challenging multimodal problems that test a wide range of advanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Clinton J. Wang , Dean Lee , Cristina Menghini , Johannes Mols , Jack Doughty , Adam Khoja , Jayson Lynch , Sean Hendryx , Summer Yue , Dan Hendrycks

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted as the core of agent frameworks in various scenarios, such as social simulations and AI companions. However, the extent to which they can replicate human-like motivations remains an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Xixian Yong , Jianxun Lian , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xiao Zhou , Xing Xie

Assessing the capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to plan and reason within the constraints of interactive environments is crucial for developing capable AI agents. We introduce $\textbf{LLM-BabyBench}$, a new benchmark suite designed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Omar Choukrani , Idriss Malek , Daniil Orel , Zhuohan Xie , Zangir Iklassov , Martin Takáč , Salem Lahlou

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into critical real-world applications, their strategic and logical reasoning abilities are increasingly crucial. This paper evaluates LLMs' reasoning abilities in competitive environments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jinhao Duan , Renming Zhang , James Diffenderfer , Bhavya Kailkhura , Lichao Sun , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal , Tianlong Chen , Kaidi Xu

Enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to handle a wider range of complex tasks (e.g., coding, math) has drawn great attention from many researchers. As LLMs continue to evolve, merely increasing the number of model parameters yields…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced Table Question Answering, where most queries can be answered by extracting information or simple aggregation. However, a common class of real-world queries is implicitly predictive, requiring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 An-Yang Ji , Jun-Peng Jiang , De-Chuan Zhan , Han-Jia Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as reasoning systems, where reasoning paradigms - such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and multi-agent systems (MAS) - play a critical role, yet their relative effectiveness and cost-accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yapeng Li , Jiakuo Yu , Zhixin Liu , Xinnan Liu , Jing Yu , Songze Li , Tonghua Su

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities across a broad range of tasks including Olympiad-level mathematical problems, indicating evidence of their complex reasoning abilities. While many reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Prakamya Mishra , Jiang Liu , Jialian Wu , Xiaodong Yu , Zicheng Liu , Emad Barsoum

Reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence that plays a crucial role in activities such as problem solving, decision making, and critical thinking. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jie Huang , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Code reasoning tasks are increasingly crucial to evaluating large language models (LLMs). Yet most existing benchmarks rely on simplistic, LLM-generated snippets or human-written solutions to code challenges and often restrict inputs and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Changshu Liu

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive progress in multimodal mathematical reasoning. Yet, how much visual information truly contributes to reasoning remains unclear. Existing benchmarks report strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yuandong Wang , Yao Cui , Yuxin Zhao , Zhen Yang , Yangfu Zhu , Zhenzhou Shao

Despite impressive results on curated benchmarks, the practical impact of large language models (LLMs) on research-level neural theorem proving and proof autoformalization is still limited. We introduce RLMEval, an evaluation suite for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Auguste Poiroux , Antoine Bosselut , Viktor Kunčak

Mathematical reasoning and optimization are fundamental to artificial intelligence and computational problem-solving. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved AI-driven mathematical reasoning, theorem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ali Forootani

Reasoning plays a crucial role in advancing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) toward Artificial General Intelligence. However, existing MLLM benchmarks often fall short in precisely and comprehensively evaluating long-chain reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Huanjin Yao , Jiaxing Huang , Yawen Qiu , Michael K. Chen , Wenzheng Liu , Wei Zhang , Wenjie Zeng , Xikun Zhang , Jingyi Zhang , Yuxin Song , Wenhao Wu , Dacheng Tao

Logical reasoning is a critical component of Large Language Models (LLMs), and substantial research efforts in recent years have aimed to enhance their deductive reasoning capabilities. However, existing deductive reasoning benchmarks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Michael K. Chen , Xikun Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Numerous benchmarks aim to evaluate the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) for causal inference and reasoning. However, many of them can likely be solved through the retrieval of domain knowledge, questioning whether they achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Linying Yang , Vik Shirvaikar , Oscar Clivio , Fabian Falck

Existing benchmarks for AI reasoning provide limited insight into how closely these capabilities resemble human reasoning in naturalistic contexts. We present an adaptation of the Watson & Holmes detective tabletop game as a new benchmark…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Thatchawin Leelawat , Lewis D Griffin

With the significant progress of large reasoning models in complex coding and reasoning tasks, existing benchmarks, like LiveCodeBench and CodeElo, are insufficient to evaluate the coding capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Shiyi Xu , Yiwen Hu , Yingqian Min , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen
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