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Trajectory optimization depends heavily on initialization. In particular, sampling-based approaches are highly sensitive to initial solutions, and limited exploration frequently leads them to converge to local minima in complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 O. Goktug Poyrazoglu , Yukang Cao , Rahul Moorthy , Volkan Isler

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) algorithms, such as model predictive path integral (MPPI), enable approximate, gradient-free solutions to optimal control problems by drawing samples from a proposal distribution, evaluating…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Daniel Frisch , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Forecasting the future trajectories of surrounding agents is crucial for autonomous vehicles to ensure safe, efficient, and comfortable route planning. While model ensembling has improved prediction accuracy in various fields, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Aron Distelzweig , Eitan Kosman , Andreas Look , Faris Janjoš , Denesh K. Manivannan , Abhinav Valada

Formation flight of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) poses significant challenges in terms of safety and formation keeping, particularly in cluttered environments. However, existing methods often struggle to simultaneously satisfy these two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Qingzhao Liu , Bailing Tian , Xuewei Zhang , Junjie Lu , Zhiyu Li

This paper presents a novel approach to improve the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control by using a transformer to initialize the mean control sequence. Traditional MPPI methods often struggle with sample efficiency and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shrenik Zinage , Vrushabh Zinage , Efstathios Bakolas

Sampling-based model predictive control methods like MPPI and CEM are essential for real-time control of nonlinear robotic systems, particularly where discontinuous dynamics preclude gradient-based optimization. However, these methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Vincent Pacelli , Akash Ratheesh , Evangelos A. Theodorou

The success of the model predictive path integral control (MPPI) approach depends on the appropriate selection of the input distribution used for sampling. However, it can be challenging to select inputs that satisfy output constraints in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-16 Leon , Yan , Santosh Devasia

Sampling-based controllers, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) methods, offer substantial flexibility but often suffer from high variance and low sample efficiency. To address these challenges, we introduce a hybrid…

Sampling-based model-predictive controllers have become a powerful optimization tool for planning and control problems in various challenging environments. In this paper, we show how the default choice of uncorrelated Gaussian distributions…

We present a sampling-based control approach that can generate smooth actions for general nonlinear systems without external smoothing algorithms. Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has been utilized in numerous robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Taekyung Kim , Gyuhyun Park , Kiho Kwak , Jihwan Bae , Wonsuk Lee

Sampling-based model predictive control methods, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI), offer derivative-free optimization and robustness in complex robotic systems. However, standard MPPI relies on cost-based soft penalties that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Seulchan Lee , Sanghyun Kim

In this paper we develop a Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control algorithm based on a generalized importance sampling scheme and perform parallel optimization via sampling using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). The proposed…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-10-29 Grady Williams , Andrew Aldrich , Evangelos Theodorou

This paper introduces a novel nonlinear stochastic model predictive control path integral (MPPI) method, which considers chance constraints on system states. The proposed belief-space stochastic MPPI (BSS-MPPI) applies Monte-Carlo sampling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Ji Yin , Panagiotis Tsiotras , Karl Berntorp

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) optimization methods, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI), have recently shown promising results in various robotic tasks. However, it might produce an infeasible trajectory when the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Ihab S. Mohamed , Kai Yin , Lantao Liu

Standard Model Predictive Control (MPC) or trajectory optimization approaches perform only a local search to solve a complex non-convex optimization problem. As a result, they cannot capture the multi-modal characteristic of human driving.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Vivek K. Adajania , Aditya Sharma , Anish Gupta , Houman Masnavi , K Madhava Krishna , Arun K. Singh

Diffusion and flow-matching have emerged as powerful methodologies for generative modeling, with remarkable success in capturing complex data distributions and enabling flexible guidance at inference time. Many downstream applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zeyang Li , Kaveh Alim , Navid Azizan

Cross-entropy method model predictive control (CEM--MPC) is a powerful gradient-free technique for nonlinear optimal control, but its performance is often limited by the reliance on random sampling. This conventional approach can lead to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Markus Walker , Daniel Frisch , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Legged robots possess a unique ability to traverse rough terrains and navigate cluttered environments, making them well-suited for complex, real-world unstructured scenarios. However, such robots have not yet achieved the same level as seen…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hossein Keshavarz , Alejandro Ramirez-Serrano , Majid Khadiv

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a powerful technique to control nonlinear, multi-input multi-output systems subject to input and state constraints. It is now a standard tool for trajectory tracking control of automated vehicles. As such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-20 Georg Schildbach , Jasper Pflughaupt

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) offers strong performance in nonlinear and contact-rich robotic tasks, yet often suffers from poor exploration due to locally greedy sampling schemes. We propose \emph{Model Tensor Planning}…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 An T. Le , Khai Nguyen , Minh Nhat Vu , João Carvalho , Jan Peters