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The adapted Wasserstein distance is a metric for quantifying distributional uncertainty and assessing the sensitivity of stochastic optimization problems on time series data. A computationally efficient alternative to it, is provided by the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Beatrice Acciaio , Songyan Hou , Gudmund Pammer

In this paper we propose an algorithm for aligning three-dimensional objects when represented as density maps, motivated by applications in cryogenic electron microscopy. The algorithm is based on minimizing the 1-Wasserstein distance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Amit Singer , Ruiyi Yang

Optimal transport distances are powerful tools to compare probability distributions and have found many applications in machine learning. Yet their algorithmic complexity prevents their direct use on large scale datasets. To overcome this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-14 Kilian Fatras , Younes Zine , Rémi Flamary , Rémi Gribonval , Nicolas Courty

The question of optimally approximating an arbitrary probability measure in the Wasserstein distance by a discrete one with uniform weights is considered. Estimates are obtained for the optimal approximation distance, with an explicit rate…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Benjamin Seeger

Accurate lighting estimation is challenging yet critical to many computer vision and computer graphics tasks such as high-dynamic-range (HDR) relighting. Existing approaches model lighting in either frequency domain or spatial domain which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Fangneng Zhan , Changgong Zhang , Wenbo Hu , Shijian Lu , Feiying Ma , Xuansong Xie , Ling Shao

We present a learning-based technique for estimating high dynamic range (HDR), omnidirectional illumination from a single low dynamic range (LDR) portrait image captured under arbitrary indoor or outdoor lighting conditions. We train our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Chloe LeGendre , Wan-Chun Ma , Rohit Pandey , Sean Fanello , Christoph Rhemann , Jason Dourgarian , Jay Busch , Paul Debevec

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) poses a significant challenge in the field of computer vision. While substantial efforts have been made over the past two decades to improve the detection capabilities of IRSTD algorithms, there has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Saed Moradi , Alireza Memarmoghadam , Payman Moallem , Mohamad Farzan Sabahi

We introduce a novel optimal transport framework for probabilistic circuits (PCs). While it has been shown recently that divergences between distributions represented as certain classes of PCs can be computed tractably, to the best of our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Adrian Ciotinga , YooJung Choi

Faithful manipulation of shape, material, and illumination in 2D Internet images would greatly benefit from a reliable factorization of appearance into material (i.e., diffuse and specular) and illumination (i.e., environment maps). On the…

Graphics · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Tuanfeng Y. Wang , Tobias Ritschel , Niloy J. Mitra

Many decision problems in science, engineering and economics are affected by uncertain parameters whose distribution is only indirectly observable through samples. The goal of data-driven decision-making is to learn a decision from finitely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-05 Daniel Kuhn , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , Viet Anh Nguyen , Soroosh Shafieezadeh-Abadeh

The squared Wasserstein distance is a natural quantity to compare probability distributions in a non-parametric setting. This quantity is usually estimated with the plug-in estimator, defined via a discrete optimal transport problem which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-30 Lenaic Chizat , Pierre Roussillon , Flavien Léger , François-Xavier Vialard , Gabriel Peyré

We introduce a distributionally robust maximum likelihood estimation model with a Wasserstein ambiguity set to infer the inverse covariance matrix of a $p$-dimensional Gaussian random vector from $n$ independent samples. The proposed model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-21 Viet Anh Nguyen , Daniel Kuhn , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani

Existing image enhancement methods fall short of expectations because with them it is difficult to improve global and local image contrast simultaneously. To address this problem, we propose a histogram equalization-based method that adapts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Xiaomeng Wu , Takahito Kawanishi , Kunio Kashino

We propose a real-time method to estimate spatiallyvarying indoor lighting from a single RGB image. Given an image and a 2D location in that image, our CNN estimates a 5th order spherical harmonic representation of the lighting at the given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Mathieu Garon , Kalyan Sunkavalli , Sunil Hadap , Nathan Carr , Jean-François Lalonde

Optimal transport has recently proved to be a useful tool in various machine learning applications needing comparisons of probability measures. Among these, applications of distributionally robust optimization naturally involve Wasserstein…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-24 Waïss Azizian , Franck Iutzeler , Jérôme Malick

The Wasserstein distance is a distance between two probability distributions and has recently gained increasing popularity in statistics and machine learning, owing to its attractive properties. One important approach to extending this…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-14 Ryo Okano , Masaaki Imaizumi

The Wasserstein distance is an attractive tool for data analysis but statistical inference is hindered by the lack of distributional limits. To overcome this obstacle, for probability measures supported on finitely many points, we derive…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-27 Max Sommerfeld , Axel Munk

Illumination estimation from a single image is critical in 3D rendering and it has been investigated extensively in the computer vision and computer graphic research community. On the other hand, existing works estimate illumination by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Fangneng Zhan , Changgong Zhang , Yingchen Yu , Yuan Chang , Shijian Lu , Feiying Ma , Xuansong Xie

The use of coherent light for precision measurements has been a key driving force for numerous research directions, ranging from biomedical optics to semiconductor manufacturing. Recent work demonstrates that the precision of such…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-29 Dorian Bouchet , Stefan Rotter , Allard P. Mosk

Contemporary approaches frame the color constancy problem as learning camera specific illuminant mappings. While high accuracy can be achieved on camera specific data, these models depend on camera spectral sensitivity and typically exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Daniel Hernandez-Juarez , Sarah Parisot , Benjamin Busam , Ales Leonardis , Gregory Slabaugh , Steven McDonagh