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Understanding protein structure-function relationships is a key challenge in computational biology, with applications across the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. While it is known that protein structure directly impacts protein…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-02 Nicolas Swenson , Aditi S. Krishnapriyan , Aydin Buluc , Dmitriy Morozov , Katherine Yelick

Exploring molecular energy landscapes and identifying ground-state conformations are central challenges in computational chemistry. However, generating diverse low-energy conformers from molecular graphs remains expensive with traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Guikun Xu , Xiaohan Yi , Ziqiao Meng , Peilin Zhao , Yatao Bian

Learning from 3D protein structures has gained wide interest in protein modeling and structural bioinformatics. Unfortunately, the number of available structures is orders of magnitude lower than the training data sizes commonly used in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-01 Pedro Hermosilla , Timo Ropinski

Combining discrete and continuous data is an important capability for generative models. We present Discrete Flow Models (DFMs), a new flow-based model of discrete data that provides the missing link in enabling flow-based generative models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-07 Andrew Campbell , Jason Yim , Regina Barzilay , Tom Rainforth , Tommi Jaakkola

The function of biomolecules such as proteins depends on their ability to interconvert between a wide range of structures or "conformations." Researchers have endeavored for decades to develop computational methods to predict the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-05 Daniel D. Richman , Jessica Karaguesian , Carl-Mikael Suomivuori , Ron O. Dror

Flow matching casts sample generation as learning a continuous-time velocity field that transports noise to data. Existing flow matching networks typically predict each point's velocity independently, considering only its location and time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Moshe Eliasof , Eldad Haber

Flow matching has recently emerged as a promising alternative to diffusion-based generative models, offering faster sampling and simpler training by learning continuous flows governed by ordinary differential equations. Despite growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mudit Gaur , Prashant Trivedi , Shuchin Aeron , Amrit Singh Bedi , George K. Atia , Vaneet Aggarwal

Protein structure prediction has reached revolutionary levels of accuracy on single structures, yet distributional modeling paradigms are needed to capture the conformational ensembles and flexibility that underlie biological function.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-06 Bowen Jing , Ezra Erives , Peter Pao-Huang , Gabriele Corso , Bonnie Berger , Tommi Jaakkola

Protein sequences serve as a natural record of the evolutionary constraints that shape their functional structures. We show that it is possible to use only sequence information to go beyond predicting native structures and global stability…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-02 Ezequiel A. Galpern , Ernesto A. Roman , Diego U. Ferreiro

Organic molecular crystals underpin technologies ranging from pharmaceuticals to organic electronics, yet predicting solid-state packing of molecules remains challenging because candidate generation is combinatorial and stability is only…

Estimating the parameters of mathematical models is a common problem in almost all branches of science. However, this problem can prove notably difficult when processes and model descriptions become increasingly complex and an explicit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-09 Stefan T. Radev , Ulf K. Mertens , Andreas Voss , Lynton Ardizzone , Ullrich Köthe

We propose Riemannian Flow Matching (RFM), a simple yet powerful framework for training continuous normalizing flows on manifolds. Existing methods for generative modeling on manifolds either require expensive simulation, are inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ricky T. Q. Chen , Yaron Lipman

While DeepMind has tentatively solved protein folding, its inverse problem -- protein design which predicts protein sequences from their 3D structures -- still faces significant challenges. Particularly, the lack of large-scale standardized…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-15 Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Stan Z. Li

Learning matrix-valued distributions from high-dimensional and possibly incomplete training data is challenging: ambient-space generative modeling is computationally expensive and statistically fragile when the matrix dimension is large but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Dongze Wu , Linglingzhi Zhu , Yao Xie

Accurate protein structure prediction from amino-acid sequences is critical to better understanding the protein function. Recent advances in this area largely benefit from more precise inter-residue distance and orientation predictions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Jiaxiang Wu , Shitong Luo , Tao Shen , Haidong Lan , Sheng Wang , Junzhou Huang

While methods exist for aligning flow matching models--a popular and effective class of generative models--with human preferences, existing approaches fail to achieve both adaptation efficiency and probabilistically sound prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhen Liu , Tim Z. Xiao , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Weiyang Liu , Dinghuai Zhang

Proteins perform much of the work in living organisms, and consequently the development of efficient computational methods for protein representation is essential for advancing large-scale biological research. Most current approaches…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-09 Francesco Ceccarelli , Lorenzo Giusti , Sean B. Holden , Pietro Liò

We propose a way to learn visual features that are compatible with previously computed ones even when they have different dimensions and are learned via different neural network architectures and loss functions. Compatible means that, if…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Yantao Shen , Yuanjun Xiong , Wei Xia , Stefano Soatto

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Deep generative models provide state-of-the-art performance across a wide array of applications, with recent studies showing increasing applicability for science and engineering. Despite a growing corpus of literature focused on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jacob K. Christopher , James E. Warner , Ferdinando Fioretto