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Exemplar-Free Class Incremental Learning (efCIL) aims to continuously incorporate the knowledge from new classes while retaining previously learned information, without storing any old-class exemplars (i.e., samples). For this purpose,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Libo Huang , Zhulin An , Yan Zeng , Chuanguang Yang , Xinqiang Yu , Yongjun Xu

Exemplar-free class-incremental learning (EFCIL) aims to retain old knowledge acquired in the previous task while learning new classes, without storing the previous images due to storage constraints or privacy concerns. In EFCIL, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hiroto Honda

Exemplar-Free Class Incremental Learning (EFCIL) aims to learn from a sequence of tasks without having access to previous task data. In this paper, we consider the challenging Cold Start scenario in which insufficient data is available in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Simone Magistri , Tomaso Trinci , Albin Soutif-Cormerais , Joost van de Weijer , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Exemplar-free Class Incremental Learning (EFCIL) aims to learn from a sequence of tasks without having access to previous task data. In this paper, we consider the challenging Cold Start scenario in which insufficient data is available in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Simone Magistri , Tomaso Trinci , Albin Soutif-Cormerais , Joost van de Weijer , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Exemplar-free class-incremental learning (EFCIL) aims to mitigate catastrophic forgetting in class-incremental learning (CIL) without available historical training samples as exemplars. Compared with its exemplar-based CIL counterpart that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Run He , Di Fang , Yizhu Chen , Kai Tong , Cen Chen , Yi Wang , Lap-pui Chau , Huiping Zhuang

Exemplar-free class-incremental learning (EFCIL) poses significant challenges, primarily due to catastrophic forgetting, necessitating a delicate balance between stability and plasticity to accurately recognize both new and previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Eduard Hogea , Adrian Popescu , Darian Onchis , Grégoire Petit

Exemplar-free class incremental learning (EF-CIL) is a nontrivial task that requires continuously enriching model capability with new classes while maintaining previously learned knowledge without storing and replaying any old class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Tianqi Wang , Jingcai Guo , Depeng Li , Zhi Chen

Modern computer vision applications suffer from catastrophic forgetting when incrementally learning new concepts over time. The most successful approaches to alleviate this forgetting require extensive replay of previously seen data, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 James Smith , Yen-Chang Hsu , Jonathan Balloch , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin , Zsolt Kira

Class-incremental learning of deep networks sequentially increases the number of classes to be classified. During training, the network has only access to data of one task at a time, where each task contains several classes. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Lu Yu , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Xialei Liu , Luis Herranz , Kai Wang , Yongmei Cheng , Shangling Jui , Joost van de Weijer

With the memory-resource-limited constraints, class-incremental learning (CIL) usually suffers from the "catastrophic forgetting" problem when updating the joint classification model on the arrival of newly added classes. To cope with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Hanbin Zhao , Hui Wang , Yongjian Fu , Fei Wu , Xi Li

Class-incremental learning (CIL) seeks to enable a model to sequentially learn new classes while retaining knowledge of previously learned ones. Balancing flexibility and stability remains a significant challenge, particularly when the task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Fangwen Wu , Lechao Cheng , Shengeng Tang , Xiaofeng Zhu , Chaowei Fang , Dingwen Zhang , Meng Wang

Exemplar-free class-incremental learning (EFCIL) presents a significant challenge as the old class samples are absent for new task learning. Due to the severe imbalance between old and new class samples, the learned classifiers can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Zhongren Yao , Xiaobin Chang

In this work, we focus on continual semantic segmentation (CSS), where segmentation networks are required to continuously learn new classes without erasing knowledge of previously learned ones. Although storing images of old classes and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Hongmei Yin , Tingliang Feng , Fan Lyu , Fanhua Shang , Hongying Liu , Wei Feng , Liang Wan

Despite the outstanding performance in many individual tasks, deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting when learning from continuous data streams in real-world scenarios. Current Non-Exemplar Class-Incremental Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Liang Bai , Hong Song , Yucong Lin , Tianyu Fu , Deqiang Xiao , Danni Ai , Jingfan Fan , Jian Yang

Class-incremental learning (CIL) in medical image-guided diagnosis requires retaining prior diagnostic knowledge while adapting to newly emerging disease categories, which is critical for scalable clinical deployment. This problem is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xinyao Wu , Zhe Xu , Cheng Chen , Jiawei Ma , Yefeng Zheng , Raymond Kai-yu Tong

Incremental learning often encounter challenges such as overfitting to new data and catastrophic forgetting of old data. Existing methods can effectively extend the model for new tasks while freezing the parameters of the old model, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Chuangxin Zhang , Guangfeng Lin , Enhui Zhao , Kaiyang Liao , Yajun Chen

Replay-based methods in class-incremental learning (CIL) have attained remarkable success. Despite their effectiveness, the inherent memory restriction results in saving a limited number of exemplars with poor diversity. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ruxiao Duan , Jieneng Chen , Adam Kortylewski , Alan Yuille , Yaoyao Liu

With the explosive growth of data, continual learning capability is increasingly important for neural networks. Due to catastrophic forgetting, neural networks inevitably forget the knowledge of old tasks after learning new ones. In visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Shengyang Huang , Jianwen Mo

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) struggles with catastrophic forgetting when learning new knowledge, and Data-Free CIL (DFCIL) is even more challenging without access to the training data of previously learned classes. Though recent DFCIL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Qiankun Gao , Chen Zhao , Bernard Ghanem , Jian Zhang

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) trains a model to continually recognize new classes from non-stationary data while retaining learned knowledge. A major challenge of CIL arises when applying to real-world data characterized by non-uniform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jiangpeng He , Fengqing Zhu
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