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Related papers: A Risk-aware Bi-level Bidding Strategy for Virtual…

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As the penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) increases, harnessing their flexibility becomes critical for power system operations. Virtual power plants (VPPs) offer a promising solution. However, most existing scheduling tools…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Lorenzo Zapparoli , Paul Fäth , Blazhe Gjorgiev , Giovanni Sansavini

This paper develops a risk-aware net demand forecasting product for virtual power plants, which helps reduce the risk of high operation costs. At the training phase, a bilevel program for parameter estimation is formulated, where the upper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Yufan Zhang , Jiajun Han , Yuanyuan Shi

Renewable power to ammonia (RePtA) is a prominent zero-carbon pathway for decarbonization. Due to the imbalance between renewables and production energy demand, the RePtA system relies on the electricity exchange with the power grid.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Sirui Wu , Jin Lin , Jiarong Li , Feng Liu , Yonghua Song , Yanhui Xu , Xiang Cheng , Zhipeng Yu

This paper presents a novel safe reinforcement learning algorithm for strategic bidding of Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) in day-ahead electricity markets. The proposed algorithm utilizes the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) method to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-13 Ognjen Stanojev , Lesia Mitridati , Riccardo de Nardis di Prata , Gabriela Hug

The increasing penetration of flexible loads, such as electric vehicles and AI data-centers necessitates new methodologies for quantifying electrical load hosting capacity under operational constraints and flexible connection agreements. We…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Gobinda Chandra Sarker , Nathan Dahlin

This paper proposes a novel single-level robust mathematical approach to model the RES-only Virtual Power Plant (RVPP) bidding problem in the simultaneous Day Ahead Market (DAM) and Secondary Reserve Market (SRM). The worst-case profit of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-06 Hadi Nemati , Pedro Sánchez-Martín , Ana Baringo , Álvaro Ortega

This paper investigates the economic impact of vehicle-home-grid integration in the presence of rooftop PV, by proposing an online, aging-aware energy management strategy for an electric vehicle (EV), a household, and the electrical grid.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-06 Francesco Popolizio , Albert Škegro , Torsten Wik , Chih Feng Lee , Changfu Zou

In this paper, a novel approach to define the optimal bidding of renewable-only virtual power plants (RVPPs) in the day-ahead, secondary reserve, and intra-day markets is proposed. To this aim, a robust optimization algorithm is developed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-20 Hadi Nemati , Pedro Sánchez-Martín , Álvaro Ortega , Lukas Sigrist , Enrique Lobato , Luis Rouco

Deploying distributed energy resources (DERs) and other smart grid technologies have increased the complexity of power grids and made them more vulnerable to natural disasters and cyber-physical-human (CPH) threats. To deal with these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-20 Hamed Haggi , Wei Sun , James M. Fenton , Paul Brooker

Large-scale power-to-hydrogen (P2H) systems formed by multi-stack are potentially powerful peak-shaving resources of power systems. However, due to the research gap in connecting the grid-side performance with the inherent operation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-24 Jiarong Li

Energy storage promotes the integration of renewables by operating with charge and discharge policies that balance an intermittent power supply. A key challenge in this emerging sector is how to optimize the operation of storage assets…

There is growing interest in hydrogen (H$_2$) use for long-duration energy storage in a future electric grid dominated by variable renewable energy (VRE) resources. Modelling the role of H$_2$ as grid-scale energy storage, often referred as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Guannan He , Dharik S. Mallapragada , Abhishek Bose , Clara F. Heuberger , Emre Gençer

We develop a bidding strategy for a hybrid power plant combining co-located wind turbines and an electrolyzer, constructing a price-quantity bidding curve for the day-ahead electricity market while optimally scheduling hydrogen production.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Yannick Heiser , Farzaneh Pourahmadi , Jalal Kazempour

Under the downward tendency of prices of renewable energy generators and upward trend of hydrogen demand, this paper studies the technoeconomic supplement of P2G clusters with hydrogen pipeline for HVDC to jointly consume renewable energy.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-04 Jiarong Li , Jin Lin , Yonghua Song , Jinyu Xiao , Feng Liu , Yuxuan Zhao , Sen Zhan

Virtual power plants (VPPs) are an emerging paradigm that aggregates distributed energy resources (DERs) for coordinated participation in power systems, including bidding as a single dispatchable entity in the wholesale market. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Weiqi Meng , Hongyi Li , Bai Cui

Virtual power plant (VPP) provides a flexible solution to distributed energy resources integration by aggregating renewable generation units, conventional power plants, energy storages, and flexible demands. This paper proposes a novel…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-04 Yunfan Zhang , Feng Liu , Zhaojian Wang , Yifan Su , Weisheng Wang , Shuanglei Feng

Uncertainties in renewable generation and demand dynamics challenge day-ahead scheduling. To enhance renewable penetration and maintain intra-day balance, we develop a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for self-interested…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Junhao Ren , Honglin Gao , Lan Zhao , Qiyu Kang , Gaoxi Xiao , Yajuan Sun

This paper proposes the integration of Concentrated Solar Power Plant (CSP) in the Renewable-only virtual power plant (RVPP) for bidding in the electricity day-ahead and secondary reserve markets, as well as trading thermal energy through a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Hadi Nemati , Pedro Sánchez-Martín , Álvaro Ortega , Lukas Sigrist , Luis Rouco

Over the last few decades, electricity markets around the world have adopted multi-settlement structures, allowing for balancing of supply and demand as more accurate forecast information becomes available. Given increasing uncertainty due…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Nathan Dahlin , Rahul Jain

This work proposes an uncertainty-informed bid adjustment framework for integrating variable renewable energy sources (VRES) into electricity markets. This framework adopts a bilevel model to compute the optimal VRES day-ahead bids. It aims…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-08 Dongwei Zhao , Vladimir Dvorkin , Stefanos Delikaraoglou , Alberto J. Lamadrid L. , Audun Botterud
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