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Modern data analyses frequently encounter settings where samples of variables are contaminated by measurement error. Ignoring measurement noise can substantially degrade statistical inference, while existing correction techniques are often…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-15 Ritwik Vashistha , Jeff M. Phillips , Abhra Sarkar , Arya Farahi

We propose a method to optimize the representation and distinguishability of samples from two probability distributions, by maximizing the estimated power of a statistical test based on the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD). This optimized MMD…

Detecting changes is of fundamental importance when analyzing data streams and has many applications, e.g., in predictive maintenance, fraud detection, or medicine. A principled approach to detect changes is to compare the distributions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Florian Kalinke , Marco Heyden , Georg Gntuni , Edouard Fouché , Klemens Böhm

This paper deals with robust inference for parametric copula models. Estimation using Canonical Maximum Likelihood might be unstable, especially in the presence of outliers. We propose to use a procedure based on the Maximum Mean…

Existing two-sample testing techniques, particularly those based on choosing a kernel for the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), often assume equal sample sizes from the two distributions. Applying these methods in practice can require…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-17 Aaron Wei , Milad Jalali , Danica J. Sutherland

We propose a set of kernel-based tools to evaluate the designs and tune the hyperparameters of conditional sequence models, with a focus on problems in computational biology. The backbone of our tools is a new measure of discrepancy between…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-20 Pierre Glaser , Steffanie Paul , Alissa M. Hummer , Charlotte M. Deane , Debora S. Marks , Alan N. Amin

Mean embeddings provide an extremely flexible and powerful tool in machine learning and statistics to represent probability distributions and define a semi-metric (MMD, maximum mean discrepancy; also called N-distance or energy distance),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-17 Matthieu Lerasle , Zoltan Szabo , Timothee Mathieu , Guillaume Lecue

Accurate quantification of uncertainty is crucial for real-world applications of machine learning. However, modern deep neural networks still produce unreliable predictive uncertainty, often yielding over-confident predictions. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Peng Cui , Wenbo Hu , Jun Zhu

We consider the variable selection problem for two-sample tests, aiming to select the most informative variables to determine whether two collections of samples follow the same distribution. To address this, we propose a novel framework…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-23 Jie Wang , Santanu S. Dey , Yao Xie

The Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) is a cornerstone statistic for nonparametric two-sample testing, but its test power is dictated entirely by the chosen kernel. Because any fixed kernel inherently fails to distinguish certain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Yijin Ni , Xiaoming Huo

Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) has been widely used in the areas of machine learning and statistics to quantify the distance between two distributions in the $p$-dimensional Euclidean space. The asymptotic property of the sample MMD has…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Hanjia Gao , Xiaofeng Shao

Maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) has enjoyed a lot of success in many machine learning and statistical applications, including non-parametric hypothesis testing, because of its ability to handle non-Euclidean data. Recently, it has been…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Omar Hagrass , Bharath K. Sriperumbudur , Bing Li

High-dimensional datasets are frequently subject to contamination by outliers and heavy-tailed noise, which can severely bias standard regularized estimators like the Lasso. While Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) has recently been introduced…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-25 Xiaoning Kang , Lulu Kang

We propose two novel nonparametric two-sample kernel tests based on the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD). First, for a fixed kernel, we construct an MMD test using either permutations or a wild bootstrap, two popular numerical procedures to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-22 Antonin Schrab , Ilmun Kim , Mélisande Albert , Béatrice Laurent , Benjamin Guedj , Arthur Gretton

This paper introduces a kernel discrepancy-based framework for rerandomization to enhance the precision of causal inference in controlled experiments. We demonstrate that the kernel discrepancy is the key part of the variance upper bound…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-05 Yiou Li , Lulu Kang

Several researchers have proposed minimisation of maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) as a method to quantise probability measures, i.e., to approximate a target distribution by a representative point set. We consider sequential algorithms that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-15 Onur Teymur , Jackson Gorham , Marina Riabiz , Chris. J. Oates

There exist some testing procedures based on the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) to address the challenge of model specification. However, they ignore the presence of estimated parameters in the case of composite null hypotheses. In this…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-10 Florian Brück , Jean-David Fermanian , Aleksey Min

Covariate shifts are a common problem in predictive modeling on real-world problems. This paper proposes addressing the covariate shift problem by minimizing Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) statistics between the training and test sets in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Liwen Ouyang , Aaron Key

The package High-dimensional Metrics (\Rpackage{hdm}) is an evolving collection of statistical methods for estimation and quantification of uncertainty in high-dimensional approximately sparse models. It focuses on providing confidence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-28 Victor Chernozhukov , Chris Hansen , Martin Spindler

Accurate approximation of probability measures is essential in numerical applications. This paper explores the quantization of probability measures using the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) distance as a guiding metric. We first investigate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Zahra Mehraban , Alois Pichler