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Recent progress in text-to-image generation has greatly advanced visual fidelity and creativity, but it has also imposed higher demands on prompt complexity-particularly in encoding intricate spatial relationships. In such cases, achieving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhenyu Tang , Chaoran Feng , Yufan Deng , Jie Wu , Xiaojie Li , Rui Wang , Yunpeng Chen , Daquan Zhou

Recently, multi-modality scene perception tasks, e.g., image fusion and scene understanding, have attracted widespread attention for intelligent vision systems. However, early efforts always consider boosting a single task unilaterally and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Zhu Liu , Jinyuan Liu , Guanyao Wu , Long Ma , Xin Fan , Risheng Liu

Reward modeling has emerged as a crucial component in aligning large language models with human values. Significant attention has focused on using reward models as a means for fine-tuning generative models. However, the reward models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Brian Christian , Hannah Rose Kirk , Jessica A. F. Thompson , Christopher Summerfield , Tsvetomira Dumbalska

In aligning large language models (LLMs), reward models have played an important role, but are standardly trained as discriminative models and rely only on labeled human preference data. In this paper, we explore methods that train reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Yifu Huo , Yongyu Mu , Qiaozhi He , Murun Yang , Bei Li , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Jingbo Zhu

Recent advances in reinforcement learning have inspired increasing interest in learning user modeling adaptively through dynamic interactions, e.g., in reinforcement learning based recommender systems. Reward function is crucial for most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Xiaocong Chen , Lina Yao , Xianzhi Wang , Aixin Sun , Wenjie Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng

Preference alignment in Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly improved their ability to adhere to human instructions and intentions. However, existing direct alignment algorithms primarily focus on relative preferences and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shenao Zhang , Zhihan Liu , Boyi Liu , Yufeng Zhang , Yingxiang Yang , Yongfei Liu , Liyu Chen , Tao Sun , Zhaoran Wang

Multimodal reward models have advanced substantially in text and image domains, yet progress in video understanding reward modeling remains severely limited by the lack of robust evaluation benchmarks and high-quality preference data. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuancheng Wei , Linli Yao , Lei Li , Haojie Zhang , Hao Zhou , Fandong Meng , Xu Sun

Recent advances in vision-language pre-training have enabled machines to perform better in multimodal object discrimination (e.g., image-text semantic alignment) and image synthesis (e.g., text-to-image generation). On the other hand,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Xiao Dong , Runhui Huang , Xiaoyong Wei , Zequn Jie , Jianxing Yu , Jian Yin , Xiaodan Liang

Humans recognize the visual world at multiple levels: we effortlessly categorize scenes and detect objects inside, while also identifying the textures and surfaces of the objects along with their different compositional parts. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Tete Xiao , Yingcheng Liu , Bolei Zhou , Yuning Jiang , Jian Sun

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in text-to-image generation, yet aligning them with human preference remains challenging due to the presence of multiple, sometimes conflicting, evaluation metrics (e.g., semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Dipesh Tamboli , Souradip Chakraborty , Aditya Malusare , Biplab Banerjee , Amrit Singh Bedi , Vaneet Aggarwal

Current alignment pipelines presume a single, universal notion of desirable behavior. However, human preferences often diverge across users, contexts, and cultures. As a result, disagreement collapses into the majority signal and minority…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Daniel Halpern , Evi Micha , Ariel D. Procaccia , Itai Shapira

Anime video generation faces significant challenges due to the scarcity of anime data and unusual motion patterns, leading to issues such as motion distortion and flickering artifacts, which result in misalignment with human preferences.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Bingwen Zhu , Yudong Jiang , Baohan Xu , Siqian Yang , Mingyu Yin , Yidi Wu , Huyang Sun , Zuxuan Wu

Reward models (RMs) are central to reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), providing the critical supervision signals that align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Generative reward models (GRMs) provide greater…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ai Jian , Jingqing Ruan , Xing Ma , Xiaoyun Zhang , Dailin Li , Weipeng Zhang , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai

Recent approaches in personalized reward modeling have primarily focused on leveraging user interaction history to align model judgments with individual preferences. However, existing approaches largely treat user context as a static or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kwangwook Seo , Dongha Lee

Reinforcement learning (RL) systems typically optimize scalar reward functions that assume precise and reliable evaluation of outcomes. However, real-world objectives--especially those derived from human preferences--are often uncertain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Disha Singha

Recent advancements in multimodal foundation models have yielded significant progress in vision-language understanding. Initial attempts have also explored the potential of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for visual content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Rongyao Fang , Chengqi Duan , Kun Wang , Hao Li , Hao Tian , Xingyu Zeng , Rui Zhao , Jifeng Dai , Hongsheng Li , Xihui Liu

Generative AI has significantly changed industries by enabling text-driven image generation, yet challenges remain in achieving high-resolution outputs that align with fine-grained user preferences. Consequently, multi-round interactions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Kun Li , Jianhui Wang , Yangfan He , Xinyuan Song , Ruoyu Wang , Hongyang He , Wenxin Zhang , Jiaqi Chen , Keqin Li , Sida Li , Miao Zhang , Tianyu Shi , Xueqian Wang

Misalignment between model predictions and intended usage can be detrimental for the deployment of computer vision models. The issue is exacerbated when the task involves complex structured outputs, as it becomes harder to design procedures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-17 André Susano Pinto , Alexander Kolesnikov , Yuge Shi , Lucas Beyer , Xiaohua Zhai

Recently, we have witnessed great progress in image editing with natural language instructions. Several closed-source models like GPT-Image-1, Seedream, and Google-Nano-Banana have shown highly promising progress. However, the open-source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Keming Wu , Sicong Jiang , Max Ku , Ping Nie , Minghao Liu , Wenhu Chen

Generating visual instructions in a given context is essential for developing interactive world simulators. While prior works address this problem through either text-guided image manipulation or video prediction, these tasks are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yujiang Pu , Zhanbo Huang , Vishnu Boddeti , Yu Kong