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Medical image segmentation has achieved remarkable advancements using deep neural networks (DNNs). However, DNNs often need big amounts of data and annotations for training, both of which can be difficult and costly to obtain. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Hengji Cui , Dong Wei , Kai Ma , Shi Gu , Yefeng Zheng

The recent success of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) heavily hinges on massive labeled data, which typically produces inferior performance in low-resource scenarios. To remedy this dilemma, we study self-training as one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Jianing Wang , Qiushi Sun , Nuo Chen , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Ming Gao , Xiang Li

Multimodal learning, which aims to understand and analyze information from multiple modalities, has achieved substantial progress in the supervised regime in recent years. However, the heavy dependence on data paired with expensive human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Yongshuo Zong , Oisin Mac Aodha , Timothy Hospedales

The success of deep learning methods in medical image segmentation tasks usually requires a large amount of labeled data. However, obtaining reliable annotations is expensive and time-consuming. Semi-supervised learning has attracted much…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-13 Yichi Zhang , Jicong Zhang

Partially-supervised learning can be challenging for segmentation due to the lack of supervision for unlabeled structures, and the methods directly applying fully-supervised learning could lead to incompatibility, meaning ground truth is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ke Zhang , Xiahai Zhuang

Medical image segmentation typically demands extensive dense annotations for model training, which is both time-consuming and skill-intensive. To mitigate this burden, exemplar-based medical image segmentation methods have been introduced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Qing En , Yuhong Guo

In semantic segmentation, the creation of pixel-level labels for training data incurs significant costs. To address this problem, semi-supervised learning, which utilizes a small number of labeled images alongside unlabeled images to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Takahiro Mano , Reiji Saito , Kazuhiro Hotta

Medical image segmentation is a fundamental and critical step in many image-guided clinical approaches. Recent success of deep learning-based segmentation methods usually relies on a large amount of labeled data, which is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Rushi Jiao , Yichi Zhang , Le Ding , Rong Cai , Jicong Zhang

Despite the remarkable performance of supervised medical image segmentation models, relying on a large amount of labeled data is impractical in real-world situations. Semi-supervised learning approaches aim to alleviate this challenge using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yunyao Lu , Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad , Tareef Daqqaq , Reem Kateb

Medical imaging has witnessed remarkable progress but usually requires a large amount of high-quality annotated data which is time-consuming and costly to obtain. To alleviate this burden, semi-supervised learning has garnered attention as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Qingyue Wei , Lequan Yu , Xianhang Li , Wei Shao , Cihang Xie , Lei Xing , Yuyin Zhou

Unlabeled data learning has attracted considerable attention recently. However, it is still elusive to extract the expected high-level semantic feature with mere unsupervised learning. In the meantime, semi-supervised learning (SSL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Tao Han , Junyu Gao , Yuan Yuan , Qi Wang

Semi-supervised learning for medical image segmentation presents a unique challenge of efficiently using limited labeled data while leveraging abundant unlabeled data. Despite advancements, existing methods often do not fully exploit the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Bin Zhao , Chunshi Wang , Shuxue Ding

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation typically requires large amount of labeled data for training, making it less applicable in clinical settings due to high annotation cost. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Yichi Zhang , Bohao Lv , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Yu Fu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

Semantic segmentation is a crucial task in medical imaging. Although supervised learning techniques have proven to be effective in performing this task, they heavily depend on large amounts of annotated training data. The recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Ron Keuth , Lasse Hansen , Maren Balks , Ronja Jäger , Anne-Nele Schröder , Ludger Tüshaus , Mattias Heinrich

Annotation scarcity has become a major obstacle for training powerful deep-learning models for medical image segmentation, restricting their deployment in clinical scenarios. To address it, semi-supervised learning by exploiting abundant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Qingjie Zeng , Yutong Xie , Zilin Lu , Mengkang Lu , Yicheng Wu , Yong Xia

Existing approaches for the problem of ultrasound image segmentation, whether supervised or semi-supervised, are typically specialized for specific anatomical structures or tasks, limiting their practical utility in clinical settings. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yaxiong Chen , Qicong Wang , Chunlei Li , Jingliang Hu , Yilei Shi , Shengwu Xiong , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Lichao Mou

Supervised deep learning for semantic segmentation has achieved excellent results in accurately identifying anatomical and pathological structures in medical images. However, it often requires large annotated training datasets, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Luca Ciampi , Gabriele Lagani , Giuseppe Amato , Fabrizio Falchi

Widely used traditional supervised deep learning methods require a large number of training samples but often fail to generalize on unseen datasets. Therefore, a more general application of any trained model is quite limited for medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Rabindra Khadga , Debesh Jha , Steven Hicks , Vajira Thambawita , Michael A. Riegler , Sharib Ali , Pål Halvorsen

Both limited annotation and domain shift are significant challenges frequently encountered in medical image segmentation, leading to derivative scenarios like semi-supervised medical (SSMIS), semi-supervised medical domain generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Wei Li , Pengcheng Zhou , Linye Ma , Wenyi Zhao , Huihua Yang , Yuchen Guo

The scarcity of labeled data often impedes the application of deep learning to the segmentation of medical images. Semi-supervised learning seeks to overcome this limitation by exploiting unlabeled examples in the learning process. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Jizong Peng , Marco Pedersoli , Christian Desrosiers