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Backdoor attacks have been shown to be a serious security threat against deep learning models, and detecting whether a given model has been backdoored becomes a crucial task. Existing defenses are mainly built upon the observation that the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Tong Wang , Yuan Yao , Feng Xu , Miao Xu , Shengwei An , Ting Wang

The cybersecurity technological landscape is a complex ecosystem in which entities -- such as companies and technologies -- influence each other in a non-trivial manner. Measuring the influence between entities is a tenet for informed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Anita Mezzetti , Dimitri Percia David , Thomas Maillart , Michael Tsesmelis , Alain Mermoud

In military organizations, Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) supports cyberspace operations by providing the commander with essential information about the adversary, their capabilities and objectives as they operate through cyberspace. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Oscar Sandoval Carlos

Understanding the attack patterns associated with a cyberattack is crucial for comprehending the attacker's behaviors and implementing the right mitigation measures. However, majority of the information regarding new attacks is typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Weiqiu You , Youngja Park

Cyber attacks threaten economic interests, critical infrastructure, and public health and safety. To counter this, entities adopt cyber threat hunting, a proactive approach that involves formulating hypotheses and searching for attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mustafa F. Abdelwahed , Ahmed Shafee , Joan Espasa

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply embedded in critical services and everyday products, it is increasingly exposed to security threats which traditional cyber defenses were not designed to handle. In this paper, we investigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Natalia Krawczyk , Mateusz Szczepkowski , Adrian Brodzik , Krzysztof Bocianiak

How much does a machine learning algorithm leak about its training data, and why? Membership inference attacks are used as an auditing tool to quantify this leakage. In this paper, we present a comprehensive \textit{hypothesis testing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Jiayuan Ye , Aadyaa Maddi , Sasi Kumar Murakonda , Vincent Bindschaedler , Reza Shokri

Cyber threats have become increasingly prevalent and sophisticated. Prior work has extracted actionable cyber threat intelligence (CTI), such as indicators of compromise, tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), or threat feeds from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Saskia Laura Schröer , Noé Canevascini , Irdin Pekaric , Philine Widmer , Pavel Laskov

This article discusses how the gap between early 5G network threat assessments and an adversarial Tactics, Techniques, Procedures (TTPs) knowledge base for future use in the MITRE ATT&CK threat modelling framework can be bridged. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Robert Pell , Sotiris Moschoyiannis , Emmanouil Panaousis , Ryan Heartfield

Training Data Detection (TDD) is a task aimed at determining whether a specific data instance is used to train a machine learning model. In the computer security literature, TDD is also referred to as Membership Inference Attack (MIA).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zhihao Zhu , Yi Yang , Defu Lian

A distribution inference attack aims to infer statistical properties of data used to train machine learning models. These attacks are sometimes surprisingly potent, but the factors that impact distribution inference risk are not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Anshuman Suri , Yifu Lu , Yanjin Chen , David Evans

As cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and frequency, robust endpoint protection is essential for organizational security. This paper presents "Endpoint Security Agent: A Comprehensive Approach to Real-time System Monitoring and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Srihari R , Ayesha Taranum , Karthik , Mohammed Usman Hussain

In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape and advanced software development, the rise in cyber security attacks has become a pressing concern. The integration of robust cyber security defenses has become essential across all…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Mounika Vanamala , Keith Bryant , Alex Caravella

The raise of machine learning and deep learning led to significant improvement in several domains. This change is supported by both the dramatic rise in computation power and the collection of large datasets. Such massive datasets often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Hamid Jalalzai , Elie Kadoche , Rémi Leluc , Vincent Plassier

Keeping up with threat intelligence is a must for a security analyst today. There is a volume of information present in `the wild' that affects an organization. We need to develop an artificial intelligence system that scours the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Sudip Mittal , Anupam Joshi , Tim Finin

Understanding the modus operandi of adversaries aids organizations in employing efficient defensive strategies and sharing intelligence in the community. This knowledge is often present in unstructured natural language text within threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nanda Rani , Bikash Saha , Vikas Maurya , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

Analysis of an organization's computer network activity is a key component of early detection and mitigation of insider threat, a growing concern for many organizations. Raw system logs are a prototypical example of streaming data that can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Aaron Tuor , Samuel Kaplan , Brian Hutchinson , Nicole Nichols , Sean Robinson

Adversaries continuously evolve their tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) to achieve their objectives while evading detection, requiring defenders to continually update their understanding of adversary behavior. Prior research has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mahzabin Tamanna , Shaswata Mitra , Md Erfan , Ahmed Ryan , Sudip Mittal , Laurie Williams , Md Rayhanur Rahman

Defending from cyberattacks requires practitioners to operate on high-level adversary behavior. Cyberthreat intelligence (CTI) reports on past cyberattack incidents describe the chain of malicious actions with respect to time. To avoid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Md Rayhanur Rahman , Brandon Wroblewski , Quinn Matthews , Brantley Morgan , Tim Menzies , Laurie Williams

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents can now orchestrate cyberattacks. This development is already increasing the speed and scale of cyber attacks, decreasing attack costs, and improving the operational autonomy of cyber capabilities. To…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Matt Mittelsteadt , Jam Kraprayoon , Robin Staes-Polet , Oskar Galeev , Jan Wehner , Christopher Covino , Shaun Ee