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Script diversity presents a challenge to Multilingual Language Models (MLLM) by reducing lexical overlap among closely related languages. Therefore, transliterating closely related languages that use different writing scripts to a common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Ibraheem Muhammad Moosa , Mahmud Elahi Akhter , Ashfia Binte Habib

Multilinguality is gradually becoming ubiquitous in the sense that more and more researchers have successfully shown that using additional languages help improve the results in many Natural Language Processing tasks. Multilingual Multiway…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Raj Dabre , Sadao Kurohashi

We present the IIT Bombay English-Hindi Parallel Corpus. The corpus is a compilation of parallel corpora previously available in the public domain as well as new parallel corpora we collected. The corpus contains 1.49 million parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pratik Mehta , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

The data scarcity in low-resource languages has become a bottleneck to building robust neural machine translation systems. Fine-tuning a multilingual pre-trained model (e.g., mBART (Liu et al., 2020)) on the translation task is a good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Zihan Liu , Genta Indra Winata , Pascale Fung

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional zero-shot capabilities in various NLP tasks, significantly enhancing user experience and efficiency. However, this advantage is primarily limited to resource-rich languages. For the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wenhao Zhuang , Yuan Sun

Cross-lingual transfer is important for developing high-quality chatbots in multiple languages due to the strongly imbalanced distribution of language resources. A typical approach is to leverage off-the-shelf machine translation (MT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Lei Shen , Shuai Yu , Xiaoyu Shen

The multilingual nature of the world makes translation a crucial requirement today. Parallel dictionaries constructed by humans are a widely-available resource, but they are limited and do not provide enough coverage for good quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Krzysztof Wołk , Krzysztof Marasek

Low-resource languages, by its very definition, tend to be under represented in the pre-training corpora of Large Language Models. In this work, we investigate three low-resource cross-lingual approaches that enable an LLM adapt to tasks in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Vaibhav Singh , Amrith Krishna , Karthika NJ , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

We present a survey on multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT), which has gained a lot of traction in the recent years. MNMT has been useful in improving translation quality as a result of knowledge transfer. MNMT is more promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Raj Dabre , Chenhui Chu , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Large parallel corpora that are automatically obtained from the web, documents or elsewhere often exhibit many corrupted parts that are bound to negatively affect the quality of the systems and models that learn from these corpora. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-22 Matīss Rikters

Machine translation (MT) involving Indigenous languages, including those possibly endangered, is challenging due to lack of sufficient parallel data. We describe an approach exploiting bilingual and multilingual pretrained MT models in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Wei-Rui Chen , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed

Cross-lingual model transfer is a compelling and popular method for predicting annotations in a low-resource language, whereby parallel corpora provide a bridge to a high-resource language and its associated annotated corpora. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Meng Fang , Trevor Cohn

Machine translation in low-resource language pairs faces significant challenges due to the scarcity of parallel corpora and linguistic resources. This study focuses on the case of English-Marathi language pairs, where existing datasets are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Nidhi Kowtal , Tejas Deshpande , Raviraj Joshi

The use of subword embedding has proved to be a major innovation in Neural Machine Translation (NMT). It helps NMT to learn better context vectors for Low Resource Languages (LRLs) so as to predict the target words by better modelling the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Amit Kumar , Shantipriya Parida , Ajay Pratap , Anil Kumar Singh

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) often demonstrate a performance gap between English and non-English languages, particularly in low-resource settings. Aligning these models to low-resource languages is essential yet challenging due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Rakesh Paul , Anusha Kamath , Kanishk Singla , Raviraj Joshi , Utkarsh Vaidya , Sanjay Singh Chauhan , Niranjan Wartikar

The combination of multilingual pre-trained representations and cross-lingual transfer learning is one of the most effective methods for building functional NLP systems for low-resource languages. However, for extremely low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Mengzhou Xia , Guoqing Zheng , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Milad Shokouhi , Graham Neubig , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is an ongoing technique for Machine Translation (MT) using enormous artificial neural network. It has exhibited promising outcomes and has shown incredible potential in solving challenging machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Rashi Kumar , Piyush Jha , Vineet Sahula

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems built on multilingual sequence-to-sequence Language Models (msLMs) fail to deliver expected results when the amount of parallel data for a language, as well as the language's representation in the…

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have been effective on large bilingual datasets. However, the existing methods and techniques show that the model's performance is highly dependent on the number of examples in training data. For many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Nalin Kumar , Deepak Kumar , Subhankar Mishra

Unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT) is beneficial especially for low resource languages such as those from the Dravidian family. However, UNMT systems tend to fail in realistic scenarios involving actual low resource languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Sai Koneru , Danni Liu , Jan Niehues