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The advent of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has significantly enhanced Large Language Models (LLMs) to process and interpret diverse data modalities (e.g., image and video). However, as input complexity increases, particularly with long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Shilin Yan , Jiaming Han , Joey Tsai , Hongwei Xue , Rongyao Fang , Lingyi Hong , Ziyu Guo , Ray Zhang

Hyperscaling of data and parameter count in LLMs is yielding diminishing improvement when weighed against training costs, underlining a growing need for more efficient finetuning and inference without sacrificing performance. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Moulik Choraria , Xinbo Wu , Akhil Bhimaraju , Nitesh Sekhar , Yue Wu , Xu Zhang , Prateek Singhal , Lav R. Varshney

The rapid growth of visual tokens in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) leads to excessive memory consumption and inference latency, especially when handling high-resolution images and videos. Token pruning is a technique used to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhongyu Yang , Dannong Xu , Wei Pang , Yingfang Yuan

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable success in a wide range of multimodal tasks by integrating pre-trained vision encoders and large language models. However, current LVLMs primarily rely on visual features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Xu Li , Yi Zheng , Haotian Chen , Xiaolei Chen , Yuxuan Liang , Chenghang Lai , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Video large language models (Video-LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in video understanding tasks. However, their practical deployment is still hindered by the inefficiency introduced by processing massive amounts of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hesong Wang , Xin Jin , Lu Lu , Chenhaowen Li , Jian Chen , Qiang Liu , Huan Wang

Multimodal retrieval systems typically employ Vision Language Models (VLMs) that encode images and text independently into vectors within a shared embedding space. Despite incorporating text encoders, VLMs consistently underperform…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xinyuan Zhang , Lina Zhang , Lisung Chen , Guangyao Liu , Shuai Nie , Jiaming Xu , Runyu Shi , Ying Huang , Guoquan Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising progress in understanding and analyzing video content. However, processing long videos remains a significant challenge constrained by LLM's context size. To address this…

Large language models (LLMs) are known for their exceptional performance across a range of natural language processing tasks, but their deployment comes at a high computational and financial cost. On the other hand, smaller language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Adarsh MS , Jithin VG , Ditto PS

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have gained impressive performance due to their outstanding capability in various understanding tasks. However, these models still suffer from some fundamental limitations related to robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Thanh-Dat Truong , Huu-Thien Tran , Tran Thai Son , Bhiksha Raj , Khoa Luu

Recent advancements in multimodal fusion have witnessed the remarkable success of vision-language (VL) models, which excel in various multimodal applications such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, building VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Zhiwei Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Yonggang Wen

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from increased inference costs due to the additional vision tokens introduced by image inputs. In this work, we propose Visual Consistency Learning (ViCO), a novel training algorithm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Long Cui , Weiyun Wang , Jie Shao , Zichen Wen , Gen Luo , Linfeng Zhang , Yanting Zhang , Yu Qiao , Wenhai Wang

In multi-view medical diagnosis, deep learning-based models often fuse information from different imaging perspectives to improve diagnostic performance. However, existing approaches are prone to overfitting and rely heavily on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jingyu Guo , Christos Matsoukas , Fredrik Strand , Kevin Smith

Self-attention and transformers have been widely used in deep learning. Recent efforts have been devoted to incorporating transformer blocks into different neural architectures, including those with convolutions, leading to various visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yancheng Wang , Yingzhen Yang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in processing vision-language tasks. One of the crux of MLLMs lies in vision tokenization, which involves efficiently transforming input visual signals into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Xiangtai Li , Jiayi Ji , Hanwang Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua , Shuicheng Yan

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has intensified the need for effective mechanisms to transform continuous multimodal data into discrete representations suitable for language-based processing. Discrete tokenization,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Jindong Li , Yali Fu , Jiahong Liu , Linxiao Cao , Wei Ji , Menglin Yang , Irwin King , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success by integrating visual encoders with large language models (LLMs). While VLMs process dense image tokens across deep transformer stacks (incurring substantial computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sambit Ghosh , R. Venkatesh Babu , Chirag Agarwal

Recent advances in video-based multimodal large language models (Video-LLMs) have significantly improved video understanding by processing videos as sequences of image frames. However, many existing methods treat frames independently in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jindong Jiang , Xiuyu Li , Zhijian Liu , Muyang Li , Guo Chen , Zhiqi Li , De-An Huang , Guilin Liu , Zhiding Yu , Kurt Keutzer , Sungjin Ahn , Jan Kautz , Hongxu Yin , Yao Lu , Song Han , Wonmin Byeon

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and describing visual content, achieving state-of-the-art performance across various vision-language tasks. However, these models often generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Kazi Hasan Ibn Arif , Sajib Acharjee Dip , Khizar Hussain , Lang Zhang , Chris Thomas

Robot vision has greatly benefited from advancements in multimodal fusion techniques and vision-language models (VLMs). We adopt a task-oriented perspective to systematically review the applications and advancements of multimodal fusion…