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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an important machine learning paradigm for solving sequential decision-making problems. Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in this field due to the rapid development of deep neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Chaofan Pan , Xin Yang , Yanhua Li , Wei Wei , Tianrui Li , Bo An , Jiye Liang

The next generation of autonomous agents must not only learn efficiently but also act reliably and adapt their behavior in open worlds. Standard approaches typically assume fixed tasks and environments with little or no novelty, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Florent Delgrange

Model-free reinforcement learning based methods such as Proximal Policy Optimization, or Q-learning typically require thousands of interactions with the environment to approximate the optimum controller which may not always be feasible in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Narendra Patwardhan , Zequn Wang

Reinforcement learning usually assumes a given or sometimes even fixed environment in which an agent seeks an optimal policy to maximize its long-term discounted reward. In contrast, we consider agents that are not limited to passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ziqing Lu , Babak Hassibi , Lifeng Lai , Weiyu Xu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a general framework concerned with an agent that seeks to maximize rewards in an environment. The learning typically happens through trial and error using explorative methods, such as epsilon-greedy. There are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Social dilemmas are situations where individuals face a temptation to increase their payoffs at a cost to total welfare. Building artificially intelligent agents that achieve good outcomes in these situations is important because many real…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Adam Lerer , Alexander Peysakhovich

Model-Based Reinforcement Learning involves learning a \textit{dynamics model} from data, and then using this model to optimise behaviour, most often with an online \textit{planner}. Much of the recent research along these lines presents a…

Safe reinforcement learning has been a promising approach for optimizing the policy of an agent that operates in safety-critical applications. In this paper, we propose an algorithm, SNO-MDP, that explores and optimizes Markov decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Akifumi Wachi , Yanan Sui

Real-world reinforcement learning applications are often hindered by delayed feedback from environments, which violates the Markov assumption and introduces significant challenges. Although numerous delay-compensating methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jongsoo Lee , Jangwon Kim , Jiseok Jeong , Soohee Han

Most of the works on planning and learning, e.g., planning by (model based) reinforcement learning, are based on two main assumptions: (i) the set of states of the planning domain is fixed; (ii) the mapping between the observations from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Luciano Serafini , Paolo Traverso

Humans often acquire new skills through observation and imitation. For robotic agents, learning from the plethora of unlabeled video demonstration data available on the Internet necessitates imitating the expert without access to its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yuyang Liu , Weijun Dong , Yingdong Hu , Chuan Wen , Zhao-Heng Yin , Chongjie Zhang , Yang Gao

Robust reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn policies that remain effective despite uncertainties in its environment, which frequently arise in real-world applications due to variations in environment dynamics. The robust RL methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Linh Le Pham Van , Minh Hoang Nguyen , Hung Le , Hung The Tran , Sunil Gupta

Continuous reinforcement learning such as DDPG and A3C are widely used in robot control and autonomous driving. However, both methods have theoretical weaknesses. While DDPG cannot control noises in the control process, A3C does not satisfy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Tianhao Chen , Limei Cheng , Yang Liu , Wenchuan Jia , Shugen Ma

Deep reinforcement learning enables algorithms to learn complex behavior, deal with continuous action spaces and find good strategies in environments with high dimensional state spaces. With deep reinforcement learning being an active area…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Winfried Lötzsch

While reinforcement learning (RL) can empower autonomous agents by enabling self-improvement through interaction, its practical adoption remains challenging due to costly rollouts, limited task diversity, unreliable reward signals, and…

Computer vision models suffer from a phenomenon known as catastrophic forgetting when learning novel concepts from continuously shifting training data. Typical solutions for this continual learning problem require extensive rehearsal of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 James Seale Smith , Leonid Karlinsky , Vyshnavi Gutta , Paola Cascante-Bonilla , Donghyun Kim , Assaf Arbelle , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Zsolt Kira

Deep learning has emerged as a powerful method for extracting valuable information from large volumes of data. However, when new training data arrives continuously (i.e., is not fully available from the beginning), incremental training…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Thomas Bouvier , Bogdan Nicolae , Hugo Chaugier , Alexandru Costan , Ian Foster , Gabriel Antoniu

Continual learning aims to equip models with the ability to retain previously learned knowledge like a human. Recent work incorporating Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning has revitalized the field by introducing lightweight extension modules.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Haiyang Guo , Fei Zhu , Fanhu Zeng , Bing Liu , Xu-Yao Zhang

Multimodal biomedical Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit immense potential in the field of Continual Learning (CL). However, they confront a core dilemma: how to preserve fine-grained intra-modality features while bridging the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zizhi Chen , Yizhen Gao , Minghao Han , Yizhou Liu , Zhaoyu Chen , Dingkang Yang , Lihua Zhang

Sequential learning of tasks using gradient descent leads to an unremitting decline in the accuracy of tasks for which training data is no longer available, termed catastrophic forgetting. Generative models have been explored as a means to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Amanda Rios , Laurent Itti