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The rise of mobile apps has brought greater convenience and many options for users. However, many apps use analytics services to collect a wide range of user interaction data, with privacy policies often failing to reveal the types of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Feiyang Tang , Bjarte M. Østvold

Unique challenges arise when testing mobile applications due to their prevailing event-driven nature and complex contextual features (e.g. sensors, notifications). Current automated input generation approaches for Android apps are typically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Kevin Moran , Mario Linares-Vasquez , Carlos Bernal-Cardenas , Christopher Vendome , Denys Poshyvanyk

Automated Program Repair (APR) is an emerging research field. Many APR techniques, for different programming language and platforms, have been proposed and evaluated on several Benchmarks. However, for our best knowledge, there not exists a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Larissa Azevedo , Altino Dantas , Celso G. Camilo-Junior

Android's permission system is designed to balance usability with informed consent, yet two legacy mechanisms still undermine that balance in Android 16: (i) permission groups that silently auto-grant new permissions within a group after a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Olawale Amos Akanji , Manuel Egele , Gianluca Stringhini

Android apps are built on APIs that abstract core Android system functionalities. These APIs are officially documented in multiple files distributed with the Android source code or SDK, which we collectively refer to as Android API Lists…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Sinan Wang , Qi Zhang , Jiacheng Li , Lili Wei , Yida Tao , Yepang Liu

The Android platform introduces the runtime permission model in version 6.0. The new model greatly improves data privacy and user experience, but brings new challenges for app developers. First, it allows users to freely revoke granted…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Sinan Wang , Yibo Wang , Xian Zhan , Ying Wang , Yepang Liu , Xiapu Luo , Shing-Chi Cheung

The Android system manages access to sensitive APIs by permission enforcement. An application (app) must declare proper permissions before invoking specific Android APIs. However, there is no official documentation providing the complete…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Chaoran Li , Xiao Chen , Ruoxi Sun , Jason Xue , Sheng Wen , Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Seyit Camtepe , Yang Xiang

With over 500,000 commits and more than 700 contributors, the Android platform is undoubtedly one of the largest industrial-scale software projects. This project provides the Android API, and developers heavily rely on this API to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pei Liu , Li Li , Yichun Yan , Mattia Fazzini , John Grundy

The Google Play marketplace has introduced the Data Safety section to improve transparency regarding how mobile applications (apps) collect, share, and protect user data. This mechanism requires developers to disclose privacy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Bakheet Aljedaani

Despite regulatory efforts to establish reliable content-rating guidelines for mobile apps, the process of assigning content ratings in the Google Play Store remains self-regulated by the app developers. There is no straightforward method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 D. Denipitiyage , B. Silva , S. Seneviratne , A. Seneviratne , S. Chawla

Due to Android's open source feature and low barriers to entry for developers, millions of developers and third-party organizations have been attracted into the Android ecosystem. However, over 90 percent of mobile malware are found…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Bin Zhao

Android introduces a new permission model that allows apps to request permissions at runtime rather than at the installation time since 6.0 (Marshmallow, API level 23). While this runtime permission model provides users with greater…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Ying Wang , Yibo Wang , Sinan Wang , Yepang Liu , Chang Xu , Shing-Chi Cheung , Hai Yu , Zhiliang Zhu

Smartphone apps usually have access to sensitive user data such as contacts, geo-location, and account credentials and they might share such data to external entities through the Internet or with other apps. Confidentiality of user data…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Biniam Fisseha Demissie , Mariano Ceccato , Lwin Khin Shar

Autonomous agents have become increasingly important for interacting with the real world. Android agents, in particular, have been recently a frequently-mentioned interaction method. However, existing studies for training and evaluating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yifan Xu , Xiao Liu , Xueqiao Sun , Siyi Cheng , Hao Yu , Hanyu Lai , Shudan Zhang , Dan Zhang , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Autonomous agents that execute human tasks by controlling computers can enhance human productivity and application accessibility. However, progress in this field will be driven by realistic and reproducible benchmarks. We present…

The packaging model of Android apps requires the entire code necessary for the execution of an app to be shipped into one single apk file. Thus, an analysis of Android apps often visits code which is not part of the functionality delivered…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-11-23 Li Li , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , Jacques Klein , Yves Le Traon

Android, the #1 mobile app framework, enforces the single-GUI-thread model, in which a single UI thread manages GUI rendering and event dispatching. Due to this model, it is vital to avoid blocking the UI thread for responsiveness. One…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Lingling Fan , Ting Su , Sen Chen , Guozhu Meng , Yang Liu , Lihua Xu , Geguang Pu

Android OS is severely fragmented by API updates and device vendors' OS customization, creating a market condition where vastly different OS versions coexist. This gives rise to compatibility crash problems where Android apps crash on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Donghwi Kim , Hyungjun Yoon , Chang Min Park , Sujin Han , Youngjin Kwon , Steven Y. Ko , Sung-Ju Lee

Access to privacy-sensitive information on Android is a growing concern in the mobile community. Albeit Google Play recently introduced some privacy guidelines, it is still an open problem to soundly verify whether apps actually comply with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Luca Verderame , Davide Caputo , Andrea Romdhana , Alessio Merlo

Android has been the most popular smartphone system with multiple platform versions active in the market. To manage the application's compatibility with one or more platform versions, Android allows apps to declare the supported platform…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Daoyuan Wu , Debin Gao , David Lo